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Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

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[Enterobacteriaceae and beta-lactams : wild susceptibility patterns].

A Philippon¹, G Arlet

¹université Paris-Descartes, Paris cedex 14, France. Alain.Philippon@univ-paris5.fr

Pathologie-Biologie

|January 28, 2012

Summary

Enterobacteria exhibit evolving beta-lactam resistance patterns. A fifth pattern, linked to extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs), has emerged, impacting antibiotic susceptibility testing and requiring careful interpretation for clinical decisions.

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Detection of Horizontal Gene Transfer Mediated by Natural Conjugative Plasmids in E. coli

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Antimicrobial Resistance
Biochemistry

Context:

Enterobacteria resistance to beta-lactams has evolved since the 1980s.
Initial resistance patterns included low-level penicillinase, cephalosporinase, and combined mechanisms.
Current understanding acknowledges seven patterns, but a revised proposal of five is presented.

Purpose:

To analyze and propose updated susceptibility patterns for enterobacteria against beta-lactam antibiotics.
To characterize the emergence and implications of a fifth resistance pattern associated with chromosomal extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs).
To provide guidance for medical biologists in interpreting antimicrobial susceptibility testing results.

Summary:

Historically, four susceptibility patterns for enterobacteria against older beta-lactams were identified.
A fifth pattern, observed since 2005, involves chromosomal ESBLs capable of hydrolyzing advanced cephalosporins.
Analysis of MICs, inhibition zones, beta-lactamase types, and amino acid sequences informed the proposed five patterns.
The study highlights variability in resistance even within the same pattern due to diverse beta-lactamase production.

Impact:

The emergence of ESBL-producing strains necessitates a re-evaluation of susceptibility patterns.
Understanding these patterns is crucial for accurate antibiotic selection and treatment of infections.
Distinguishing between chromosomal ESBLs and transferable resistance mechanisms is vital for epidemiological assessment.
The findings underscore the importance of continuous monitoring of antimicrobial resistance trends.