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Related Concept Videos

iChip01:24

iChip

The cultivation of environmental microorganisms has long been hindered by the inability to replicate complex native conditions in vitro. The isolation chip (iChip) addresses this limitation by facilitating the growth of previously uncultivable microorganisms through in situ incubation. Designed for high-throughput microbial cultivation, the iChip comprises hundreds of microchambers, each capable of housing a single microbial cell. These microchambers are loaded with a mixture of molten agar and...
Microbial Fermentation01:23

Microbial Fermentation

Fermentation is a crucial anaerobic metabolic process that enables microbes to derive energy from sugar without relying on oxygen or an electron transport chain. This process is fundamental to various biological and industrial applications and is classified based on the metabolic products generated.Role of Pyruvate in FermentationPyruvate and its derivatives serve as key electron acceptors in fermentative pathways. The oxidation of NADH to regenerate NAD+ is essential for the continuation of...
Bioreactor Controls-III01:22

Bioreactor Controls-III

Strain improvement is a foundational strategy in industrial microbiology aimed at maximizing microbial productivity, particularly because natural isolates typically yield commercially valuable products in very low concentrations. Although optimizing the culture medium and environmental conditions can improve yields, these adjustments are inherently limited by the organism’s genetic potential. As a result, the focus shifts toward genetic modifications to enhance biosynthetic capacity. The...
Microbes in Beverage Production01:25

Microbes in Beverage Production

Alcoholic beverages such as wine, beer, and spirits are the products of microbial fermentation processes that transform simple sugars into ethanol and a wide array of complex flavor compounds. These transformations rely on the metabolic activities of specific yeasts and bacteria, which are selected and controlled to yield the desired beverage characteristics.Wine Fermentation and MaturationWine production begins with the crushing of grapes to release juice and pulp, forming a must that is...
Scale-Up Processes01:14

Scale-Up Processes

The scale-up of microbial fermentation processes is essential in industrial biotechnology, allowing the transition from laboratory-scale experiments to commercial-scale production while aiming to maintain product yield and quality. This process requires meticulous adjustment of equipment design, process parameters, and contamination control strategies to accommodate increasing culture volumes.At the laboratory scale, cultures are typically maintained in 1 to 10-liter glass or autoclavable...
Prokaryotic Cells01:51

Prokaryotic Cells

Prokaryotes are small unicellular organisms that include the domains—Archaea and Bacteria. Bacteria include many common organisms, such as Salmonella and E. coli, while the Archaea include extremophiles that live in harsh environments, such as volcanic springs.
Like eukaryotic cells, all prokaryotic cells are surrounded by a plasma membrane, have genetic material in the form of single, circular DNA, a cytoplasm that fills the interior of the cell, and ribosomes that synthesize proteins.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Microfluidic Picoliter Bioreactor for Microbial Single-cell Analysis: Fabrication, System Setup, and Operation
12:04

Microfluidic Picoliter Bioreactor for Microbial Single-cell Analysis: Fabrication, System Setup, and Operation

Published on: December 6, 2013

The microbial cell factory.

Cormac D Murphy1

  • 1School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Science, Centre for Synthesis and Chemical Biology, Ardmore House, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland. Cormac.d.murphy@ucd.ie

Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry
|February 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microbes are crucial for discovering new antibiotics and producing biofuels, bioplastics, and fine chemicals. These microorganisms offer sustainable solutions for modern challenges.

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Microfluidic Picoliter Bioreactor for Microbial Single-cell Analysis: Fabrication, System Setup, and Operation
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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Biotechnology
  • Industrial Microbiology

Background:

  • Microorganisms have historically been utilized for producing antibiotics, vitamins, enzymes, fermented foods, and chemicals.
  • The 21st century presents significant global challenges that necessitate innovative solutions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight three key contemporary applications of microorganisms.
  • To emphasize the vital role of microbes in addressing global issues.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current scientific literature and industrial practices.
  • Identification and analysis of microbial applications in specific sectors.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of novel antibiotics from microbial sources is ongoing.
  • Microbial fermentation is a key process in manufacturing biofuels and bioplastics.
  • Biotransformation using microbes enables efficient production of fine chemicals.

Conclusions:

  • Microorganisms are indispensable for developing sustainable solutions in medicine, energy, and chemical industries.
  • Continued research into microbial applications is essential for future innovation.