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Related Concept Videos

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology01:19

Cushing Syndrome II: Pathophysiology

Cortisol production is normally governed by the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, which maintains hormonal balance through tightly regulated feedback mechanisms. Disruption of this regulatory system is central to the development of Cushing syndrome, whether the excess cortisol originates from external medications or internal pathology. Persistent cortisol elevation alters metabolism, immune function, and endocrine signaling, producing the characteristic clinical features of the...
Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction01:26

Cushing Syndrome I: Introduction

Cushing syndrome refers to the collection of clinical manifestations that arise when tissues are exposed to excessive amounts of cortisol or cortisol-like medications over an extended period. Cortisol, a glucocorticoid produced by the adrenal cortex, regulates metabolism, immune responses, and the body’s adaptation to stress. When its concentration remains chronically elevated, these physiological pathways become dysregulated, resulting in the characteristic features of the syndrome.Exogenous...
Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction01:25

Hyperthyroidism I: Introduction

Hyperthyroidism is a type of thyrotoxicosis characterized by the thyroid gland's overproduction of the thyroid hormones triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). This hormone excess increases the basal metabolic rate and enhances sensitivity to catecholamines.DiagnosisDiagnosis is based on clinical features and biochemical testing. It typically shows suppressed thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels below 0.4 mIU/L, with elevated free T3 and/or T4. Additional tests, including thyroid...
Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology01:24

Graves Disease II: Pathophysiology

Graves’ disease is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the production of thyroid-stimulating immunoglobulins (TSI) that activate TSH receptors, leading to excessive synthesis and release of thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) and resulting in hyperthyroidism.Among all causes of hyperthyroidism, Graves’ disease is the most common and can happen at any age, though it is more frequent in women. It produces a hypermetabolic state with features such as weight loss, tachycardia, tremor, and heat...
Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology01:27

Hyperthyroidism II: Pathophysiology

Hyperthyroidism is a hypermetabolic state caused by elevated levels of thyroid hormones, triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4). It results from dysregulation at the thyroid, pituitary, or immune system level and affects multiple organ systems.PathophysiologyThe most common cause of hyperthyroidism is Graves’ disease, an autoimmune disorder in which antibodies, specifically thyroid-stimulating antibodies (TSAb), a subtype of TSH receptor antibodies (TRAb), bind to and activate TSH receptors...

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Fecal Glucocorticoid Analysis: Non-invasive Adrenal Monitoring in Equids
08:02

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Published on: April 25, 2016

Atypical hypoadrenocorticism in a Birman cat.

Colleen E Hock1

  • 1Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island - Class of 2011. wildblueiris@msn.com

The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La Revue Veterinaire Canadienne
|February 2, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A Birman cat was diagnosed with atypical hypoadrenocorticism, a rare adrenal gland disorder, after exhibiting symptoms like lethargy and weight loss. This diagnosis was confirmed via an adrenocorticotropic hormone stimulation test.

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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

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Published on: April 25, 2016

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • Hypoadrenocorticism, or Addison's disease, is a rare endocrine disorder characterized by insufficient production of adrenal hormones.
  • Atypical hypoadrenocorticism presents with vague clinical signs and normal baseline cortisol levels, making diagnosis challenging.

Observation:

  • A 1-year-old spayed female Birman cat presented with inappropriate urination and defecation, anorexia, lethargy, and weight loss.
  • The cat showed only intermittent responses to non-specific therapies.
  • Clinical signs were suggestive of a complex underlying condition requiring further investigation.

Findings:

  • An adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation test was performed to evaluate adrenal gland function.
  • Results of the ACTH stimulation test confirmed the diagnosis of atypical hypoadrenocorticism.
  • This diagnosis explains the constellation of clinical signs observed in the patient.

Implications:

  • Early and accurate diagnosis of atypical hypoadrenocorticism is crucial for effective management and improved patient outcomes.
  • This case highlights the importance of considering endocrine disorders, even with atypical presentations, in cats.
  • Further research into feline endocrinopathies can improve diagnostic strategies and treatment protocols.