Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 25, 2026

Measurement & Analysis of the Temporal Discrimination Threshold Applied to Cervical Dystonia
Published on: January 27, 2018
Temporomandibular disorders in patients with craniocervical dystonia
André L Costa1, Lidiane S Campos, Marcondes C França
1Department of Neurology, State University of Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Unlabelled:
Temporomandibular disorders are a set of musculoskeletal dysfunctions within the masticatory system, with multiple etiologies.
Objective:
Since craniocervical dystonia can involve the same neuromuscular structure as the temporomandibular joint, we sought to assess the correlation between temporomandibular disorders and craniocervical dystonia.
Method:
We applied the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders to 42 patients with craniocervical dystonia, in order to identify orofacial pain and temporomandibular characteristics on the day of botulinum toxin injection.
Results:
Twenty-two patients (52.3%) reported temporomandibular joint pain; 24 (57.1%), joint sounds; 20 (47.6%), masticatory muscle pain; and 21 (50%), diminished jaw mobility. The patients with oromandibular dystonia presented temporomandibular disorders more frequently than did patients with other types of craniocervical dystonia (p<0.001).
Conclusion:
Temporomandibular disorders occur frequently in patients with oromandibular dystonia. Further studies should address the proper treatment of temporomandibular disorders associated with dystonia.
Related Concept Videos
Alterations in Muscle Tone ll
Alterations in Muscle Tone lll
Disorders of the Skeletal Muscle
Musculoskeletal disorders
Musculoskeletal disorders involve injuries and conditions affecting the skeletal muscles and associated connective tissues. These disorders can arise from acute biomechanical stresses or chronic overuse and can occur across different age groups. Common injuries include sprains, fractures, and muscular strains, often resulting from...
Directly Acting Muscle Relaxants: Dantrolene and Botulinum Toxin
The binding of dantrolene to the RYR1...
Muscles that Move the Head
The bilateral sternocleidomastoid, or SCM, and the suprahyoid and infrahyoid muscles are significant head flexors. The SCM muscles originate at the sternum and clavicle and attach to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. The SCM contracts bilaterally to bend the head forward, whereas...
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

