Matrix solid-phase dispersion extraction of sulfonamides from blood

Area of Science:

• Analytical Chemistry
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Sulfonamides are crucial antimicrobial agents in human and veterinary medicine.
• Accurate quantification of sulfonamides in biological matrices like blood is essential for therapeutic drug monitoring and toxicological studies.
• Existing extraction methods may lack efficiency or require complex procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

• To develop and optimize a matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) method for the efficient extraction of three key sulfonamides from blood samples.
• To determine the optimal extraction conditions, including adsorbent and elution solvent, for maximizing analyte recovery.
• To validate the method for the quantitative analysis of sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethazine in human and animal blood.

Main Methods:

• Matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD) extraction utilizing various adsorbents and elution solvents.
• High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) for the separation and determination of sulfonamides.
• Systematic investigation of extraction parameters to identify optimal conditions.

Main Results:

• Diatomaceous earth was identified as the most effective dispersion adsorbent.
• Acetone was found to be the optimal elution solvent, yielding the highest recovery rates.
• The optimized method demonstrated a linear range of 0.020–10.0 µg/mL for sulfonamide determination in blood.
• Average recoveries for the three sulfonamides exceeded 87.5% under optimal conditions.

Conclusions:

• The developed MSPD method offers an efficient and reliable approach for sulfonamide extraction from blood.
• This technique facilitates accurate quantification of sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, and sulfamethazine, supporting clinical and veterinary diagnostics.
• The optimized method shows potential for routine analysis due to its high recovery and wide linear range.