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Microbiological Rapid On-Site Evaluation for Pulmonary Infectious Diseases
Published on: March 1, 2024
Evaluation of respiratory findings in Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever
Omer Tamer Dogan1, Aynur Engin, Ismail Salk
1Department of Chest Diseases, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey.
Insights
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a deadly zoonotic disease. This study found that while chest X-ray abnormalities were more common in fatal CCHF cases, the difference wasn't statistically significant, highlighting pulmonary hemorrhage risks.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Public Health
- Medical Diagnostics
Background:
- Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a severe zoonotic viral disease characterized by high mortality rates.
- CCHF presents as a viral hemorrhagic fever, posing significant public health challenges.
- Understanding CCHF's clinical manifestations, particularly respiratory findings, is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the respiratory system findings in patients diagnosed with CCHF.
- To analyze the demographics, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of hospitalized CCHF patients.
- To correlate chest X-ray findings with patient outcomes in CCHF cases.
Main Methods:
- A retrospective study was conducted on 108 laboratory-confirmed CCHF patients.
- Patient data including age, sex, occupation, residence, tick bite history, smoking status, and chest X-ray results were collected.
- Clinical and laboratory findings, along with patient outcomes, were systematically recorded and analyzed.
Main Results:
- Out of 108 patients, 60 had normal chest radiographs, 33 showed unilateral pathology, and 15 had bilateral pathology.
- Seven patients (6.5%) died, primarily due to severe pulmonary infection and hemorrhage.
- Pathological chest radiographs were more frequent in non-survivors, though this difference lacked statistical significance.
Conclusions:
- Pulmonary parenchyma hemorrhage is a potential complication in CCHF, presenting with symptoms like hemoptysis and dyspnea.
- Chest X-ray infiltrates in CCHF patients may indicate pulmonary hemorrhage and are associated with increased mortality risk.
- Further research into respiratory complications can improve CCHF patient outcomes and management strategies.
Abstract:
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic disease with a high mortality rate causing viral hemorrhagic fever. We studies the respiratory system findings, demographics, clinical and laboratory findings of patients with CCHF admitted to our hospital. In this retrospective study we evaluated 108 patients with CCHF confirmed by laboratory findings. The charts of all hospitalized patients were reviewed, and the age, sex, occupation, city of residence, history of tick bite or of removing a tick, smoking history, chest X-ray results, outcome and clinical and laboratory findings were recorded for each patient. Sixty of the chest radiographs were read as normal, 33 were read as showing unilateral pathology and 15 showed bilateral pathology. Seven of the 108 patients died due to severe pulmonary infection and hemorrhage. The frequency of pathological chest radiographs was higher among the CCHF patients who died than among the survivors, but the difference was not significant. Pulmonary parenchyma hemorrhage can occur in CCHF patients with hemoptysis, dyspnea, chest pain and infiltration on chest radiographs and may lead to morality.
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