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Related Concept Videos

Superplasticizers01:30

Superplasticizers

Superplasticizers are advanced admixtures that enhance the workability of concrete by lowering the water content without compromising the strength of the material. These substances are highly effective water reducers, improving concrete flow, making it easier to work with, and enabling concrete to reach inaccessible areas or densely reinforced sections without mechanical vibration. The key components in superplasticizers are either sulfonated melamine or naphthalene formaldehyde condensates,...
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Production of Biopesticides

Biopesticides offer a sustainable alternative to chemical pesticides, utilizing microbial agents to control agricultural pests. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is a widely employed bacterium known for its potent insecticidal activity. Bt biopesticides are favored for their specificity to insect pests, minimal environmental impact, and natural degradability.Mechanism of Bt Toxin Action Bt produces insecticidal crystal (Cry) proteins during its sporulation phase. These proteins form parasporal...
The Phosphorus Cycle01:21

The Phosphorus Cycle

Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.
Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes01:09

Complexation Equilibria: Factors Influencing Stability of Complexes

In complexation reactions, metal cations are the electron pair acceptors, and the ligands are the electron pair donors. The stability of the metal complexes depends primarily on the complexing ability of the central metal ion and the nature of the ligands. Generally, the complexing ability of the metal ion depends on the size and charge of the ion. As the metal ion size increases, the stability of the metal complexes decreases, provided that the valency of the metal ion and the ligands remain...
Sulfate Attack on Concrete01:29

Sulfate Attack on Concrete

Sulfate attack on concrete is a deterioration process characterized by a whitish discoloration beginning at the edges and corners, accompanied by cracking and spalling. This phenomenon occurs when sulfates react with the components of hardened concrete, forming compounds like calcium sulfate and calcium sulfoaluminate which occupy more space than the substances they replace, causing the concrete to expand and disrupt.
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Hydration of Cement

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Sandy Soil Improvement through Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) by Immersion
06:27

Sandy Soil Improvement through Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) by Immersion

Published on: September 12, 2019

Organic complexed superphosphates (CSP): physicochemical characterization and agronomical properties.

Javier Erro1, Oscar Urrutia, Roberto Baigorri

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Soil Chemistry, University of Navarra , 31080 Pamplona, Spain.

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
|February 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A novel organic complexed superphosphate (CSP) fertilizer, utilizing humic acid, enhances phosphorus availability in soils by inhibiting phosphate fixation. This leads to improved P fertilizer efficiency for wheat crops in diverse soil conditions.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Sandy Soil Improvement through Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) by Immersion
06:27

Sandy Soil Improvement through Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation (MICP) by Immersion

Published on: September 12, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Agricultural Chemistry
  • Soil Science
  • Plant Nutrition

Background:

  • Phosphate fixation in soil limits phosphorus availability to plants.
  • Current superphosphate fertilizers can suffer from low nutrient use efficiency due to soil interactions.
  • Developing enhanced phosphate fertilizers is crucial for sustainable agriculture.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and characterize organic complexed superphosphate (CSP) using humic acid (HA).
  • To investigate the structural features of CSP and the formation of monocalcium-phosphate-humic complexes (MPHC).
  • To evaluate the agronomic efficiency of CSP compared to single superphosphate (SSP) for wheat cultivation.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis of CSP by incorporating HA into SSP production.
  • Characterization using solid-phase ³¹P NMR, ¹³C NMR, laser-confocal microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and molecular modeling.
  • Greenhouse pot trials comparing CSP and SSP as phosphorus sources for wheat in alkaline and acidic soils.

Main Results:

  • Formation of monocalcium-phosphate-humic complexes (MPHC) in CSP was confirmed.
  • CSP demonstrated superior performance over SSP in enhancing phosphorus availability to wheat plants.
  • Improved plant growth and phosphorus uptake were observed with CSP in various soil types.

Conclusions:

  • CSP effectively inhibits soil phosphate fixation through MPHC formation.
  • CSP represents a more efficient phosphorus fertilizer source compared to conventional SSP.
  • This innovation holds potential for improving crop yields and nutrient management in agriculture.