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Related Concept Videos

Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
Formation of Complex Ions03:45

Formation of Complex Ions

A type of Lewis acid-base chemistry involves the formation of a complex ion (or a coordination complex) comprising a central atom, typically a transition metal cation, surrounded by ions or molecules called ligands. These ligands can be neutral molecules like H2O or NH3, or ions such as CN− or OH−. Often, the ligands act as Lewis bases, donating a pair of electrons to the central atom. These types of Lewis acid-base reactions are examples of a broad subdiscipline called coordination...
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents01:26

EDTA: Auxiliary Complexing Reagents

EDTA titrations are usually carried out in highly basic conditions, where the fully deprotonated form of EDTA, Y4−, actively complexes with the free metal ions in the solution. Several metal ions precipitate as hydrous oxide (hydroxides, oxides, or oxyhydroxides) under these conditions, lowering the concentration of free metal ions in the solution. For this reason, auxiliary complexing agents or ligands such as ammonia, tartrate, citrate, or triethanolamine are used in EDTA titrations to...
Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect01:19

Complexation Equilibria: The Chelate Effect

In complexation reactions, metal atoms or cations interact with ligands to form donor-acceptor adducts called metal complexes. Ligands that bind through one donor site are monodentate, ligands with two donor sites are bidentate, and those with more than two donor sites are polydentate ligands. For example, ethylene diamine is a bidentate ligand that binds through two nitrogen donor atoms, forming a five-membered ring. EDTA is a polydentate ligand that binds through four oxygen and two nitrogen...
Valence Bond Theory02:42

Valence Bond Theory

Coordination compounds and complexes exhibit different colors, geometries, and magnetic behavior, depending on the metal atom/ion and ligands from which they are composed. In an attempt to explain the bonding and structure of coordination complexes, Linus Pauling proposed the valence bond theory, or VBT, using the concepts of hybridization and the overlapping of the atomic orbitals. According to VBT, the central metal atom or ion (Lewis acid) hybridizes to provide empty orbitals of suitable...

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Preparation of SNS Cobalt(II) Pincer Model Complexes of Liver Alcohol Dehydrogenase
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Dinickel(II) complexes: preparation and catalytic activity.

Ting-Peng Cheng1, Bei-Sih Liao, Yi-Hung Liu

  • 1Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, ROC.

Dalton Transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)
|February 4, 2012
PubMed
Summary

New dinickel complexes based on naphthyridine ligands show excellent catalytic activity for alkyne homo-coupling reactions, outperforming mononuclear analogs. These findings advance catalytic applications in organic synthesis.

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Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions
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Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

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Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions
11:44

Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions

Published on: March 20, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Coordination Chemistry
  • Organometallic Chemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Naphthyridine-based ligands offer versatile coordination environments.
  • Dinuclear metal complexes can exhibit unique catalytic properties compared to mononuclear counterparts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize novel dinickel complexes using 2,7-bis(3,5-di-R-pyrazol-1-yl)-1,8-naphthyridine ligands.
  • To evaluate the catalytic performance of these dinickel complexes in the homo-coupling of terminal alkynes.

Main Methods:

  • Ligand synthesis and characterization.
  • Formation and isolation of dinickel complexes.
  • Structural elucidation using X-ray diffraction.
  • Spectroscopic characterization (IR, UV-Vis, elemental analysis).
  • Catalytic testing for alkyne homo-coupling using O(2) as oxidant.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of three dinickel complexes (3-5) with varying R groups (H, CH(3), Ph).
  • Structural confirmation of complexes 3 and 4, with complex 4 showing co-crystallization with a methanol-substituted species.
  • Demonstrated excellent catalytic activity in the homo-coupling of terminal alkynes.
  • Observed superior catalytic performance compared to related mononuclear nickel species.

Conclusions:

  • The synthesized dinickel complexes are effective catalysts for alkyne homo-coupling.
  • The dinuclear nature of the complexes contributes to enhanced catalytic activity.
  • These findings highlight the potential of naphthyridine-based dinickel complexes in catalysis.