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Centrifugation

Centrifugation

Centrifugation is a separation technique based on differences in density or size. It is commonly used to separate solids from aqueous interferents. During centrifugation, the sample is placed in centrifugation tubes and spun at high angular velocity, which allows centrifugal force to act differentially on the different densities or masses of the components. After spinning, the supernatant liquid is decanted. Depending on the specific application, either the pellet or the supernatant is retained...

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Subcellular Fractionation

The homogenate obtained after cell lysis contains various membrane-bound organelles that can be further separated into pure fractions by subcellular fractionation. These isolates are used to study specific cellular components, analyze localized protein activity, and are even employed in diagnostics. Fractionation is typically achieved using centrifugation methods, the most common being density-gradient and differential centrifugation.
Differential Centrifugation
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Updated: May 25, 2026

Nitrogen Cavitation and Differential Centrifugation Allows for Monitoring the Distribution of Peripheral Membrane Proteins in Cultured Cells

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Published on: August 18, 2017

+Gz centrifugation and mood.

Marcin P Biernacki¹, Konrad S Jankowski, Krzysztof Kowalczuk

¹Military Institute of Aviation Medicine, Warszaw, Poland. mpbiernacki@gmail.com

Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine

|February 7, 2012

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Centrifuge runs with +Gz acceleration can alter psychological state, increasing energetic arousal and reducing tense arousal. However, subjective enjoyment remained unaffected by the +Gz stress.

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Area of Science:

Aerospace Medicine
Human Factors Engineering
Psychological Research

Background:

The physiological impacts of +Gz centrifugation are established.
+Gz centrifugation's effects on psychological functioning require further investigation.
This study addresses the gap in understanding psychological responses to +Gz stress.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if mood states are affected by +Gz centrifugation.
To analyze changes in energetic arousal, tense arousal, and hedonic tone.
To evaluate the psychological impact of centrifuge runs.

Main Methods:

Mood assessments were conducted pre- and post-centrifuge exposure.
The UWIST Mood Adjective Check List (UMACL) measured energetic arousal (EA), tense arousal (TA), and hedonic tone (HT).
Participants completed mood assessments at four time points relative to the centrifuge run.

Main Results:

Centrifugation accounted for significant variance in EA (31.6%) and TA (56.9%).
EA increased before and persisted after centrifugation; TA rose pre-centrifuge and decreased post-centrifuge.
Hedonic tone (HT) showed no significant changes throughout the study.

Conclusions:

+Gz acceleration during centrifugation can modify arousal levels, not hedonic tone.
Observed arousal changes were beneficial, enhancing energy and decreasing tension.
+Gz stress impacts psychological arousal positively, without diminishing enjoyment.