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Scanning SQUID Study of Vortex Manipulation by Local Contact
06:53

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Published on: February 1, 2017

Quantum tunneling of a vortex between two pinning potentials.

O Fialko1, A S Bradley, J Brand

  • 1Centre for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study, Massey University (Albany Campus), Auckland, New Zealand.

Physical Review Letters
|February 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Vortices in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates can tunnel between pinning potentials within seconds, enabling experimental detection. This vortex tunneling phenomenon was modeled using charged particle dynamics in magnetic fields.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic physics
  • Quantum mechanics
  • Condensed matter physics

Background:

  • Atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) exhibit quantized vortices.
  • Vortices can be trapped by pinning potentials within the condensate.
  • Understanding vortex dynamics is crucial for controlling BEC properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the phenomenon of vortex tunneling between pinning potentials in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates.
  • To develop a theoretical model for calculating vortex tunneling rates.
  • To compare theoretical predictions with experimental feasibility and numerical simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Phenomenological modeling of vortices as charged particles in an inhomogeneous magnetic field.
  • Calculation of vortex tunneling rates based on this model.
  • Comparison of theoretical results with numerical simulations using stochastic c-field theory.

Main Results:

  • Vortex tunneling between pinning potentials occurs on a timescale of approximately 1 second under typical experimental conditions.
  • The phenomenological model provides results that closely agree with numerical simulations.
  • The calculated tunneling rates suggest experimental detectability.

Conclusions:

  • Vortex tunneling in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates is a feasible phenomenon for experimental observation.
  • The charged particle analogy in an inhomogeneous magnetic field is a valid approach for modeling vortex tunneling.
  • The findings contribute to the understanding and control of vortex dynamics in quantum systems.