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Disproportionate body composition and perinatal outcome in large-for-gestational-age infants to mothers with type 1

M Persson1, D Pasupathy, U Hanson

  • 1Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. martina.persson@ki.se

BJOG : an International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology
|February 7, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Maternal type 1 diabetes increases neonatal complications in large-for-gestational-age infants. Body composition (disproportionate vs. proportionate) did not alter this risk, indicating high birthweight is the primary concern.

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Neonatology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Maternal type 1 diabetes is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, including large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants.
  • Infant body composition, specifically disproportionate growth, may influence neonatal morbidity risk.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether disproportionate body composition in large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants born to mothers with type 1 diabetes is a risk factor for perinatal complications.
  • To compare neonatal morbidity risks between proportionate LGA (P-LGA) and disproportionate LGA (D-LGA) infants.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based cohort study utilizing data from the Swedish Medical Birth Registry (1998-2007).
  • Included 3517 singleton infants born to mothers with type 1 diabetes, with gestational age between 32-43 weeks.
  • Defined LGA (birthweight > 90th centile) and disproportionate infants (ponderal index > 90th centile). Analyzed composite neonatal morbidities.

Main Results:

  • Composite neonatal morbidity was significantly higher in LGA infants compared to appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) infants.
  • No significant difference in the risk of composite morbidity was observed between P-LGA and D-LGA infants.

Conclusions:

  • High birthweight, regardless of body proportionality, is identified as a risk factor for neonatal complications in infants of mothers with type 1 diabetes.
  • Focusing on high birthweight is crucial for managing neonatal risks in this population.
Abstract

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