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Related Concept Videos

Bioplastics01:27

Bioplastics

Bioplastics derived from microbial processes present a sustainable alternative to conventional petroleum-based plastics. Among these, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs), particularly polyhydroxybutyrates (PHBs), have emerged as prominent candidates due to their biodegradability and biocompatibility. These polymers are synthesized by a variety of bacteria, such as Cupriavidus necator and Pseudomonas putida, which naturally accumulate PHAs as intracellular carbon and energy reserves, especially under...

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Fabrication of a Bioactive, PCL-based "Self-fitting" Shape Memory Polymer Scaffold
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Degradable segmented polyurethane elastomers for bone tissue engineering: effect of polycaprolactone content.

Katherine D Kavlock1, Kyumin Whang, Scott A Guelcher

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering and Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0211, USA.

Journal of Biomaterials Science. Polymer Edition
|February 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Segmented polyurethanes (PURs) with tunable properties support bone cell growth. Scaffold stiffness and crystallinity influence cell proliferation and osteoblastic protein expression, suggesting potential for tissue engineering.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Segmented polyurethanes (PURs) offer tunable mechanical and degradation properties for tissue engineering.
  • These biocompatible elastomers utilize degradable poly(α-hydroxy ester) soft segments and amino acid-derived chain extenders.
  • PURs are promising for applications requiring tailored biomaterial responses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize linear PURs with varying poly(ϵ-caprolactone) (PCL) content (65-80 wt%).
  • To evaluate the ability of PUR foam scaffolds to support osteoblastic differentiation in vitro.
  • To investigate the influence of PUR scaffold modulus and crystallinity on bone marrow stromal cell (BMSC) behavior.

Main Methods:

  • Linear PURs were synthesized using PCL diol, 1,4-diisocyanobutane, and tyramine.
  • Porous foam scaffolds were fabricated and characterized using differential scanning calorimetry and mechanical testing.
  • BMSCs were cultured on PUR and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) scaffolds under osteogenic conditions for 14 and 21 days.
  • Cell proliferation, prostaglandin E2 production, alkaline phosphatase activity, and gene expression (osteocalcin, BMP-2, VEGF, osteopontin) were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Increasing PCL content led to higher polymer crystallinity and compressive modulus in PUR foams.
  • Cell density decreased with increasing PUR stiffness, but osteocalcin and BMP-2/VEGF gene expression remained similar across PURs.
  • The most crystalline PUR scaffold showed significantly elevated prostaglandin E2 production, alkaline phosphatase activity, and osteopontin expression compared to PLGA and other PURs.

Conclusions:

  • Scaffold modulus and crystallinity significantly impact BMSC proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation.
  • PUR scaffolds demonstrate potential for bone tissue engineering due to their tunable properties and ability to promote osteoblastic markers.
  • Further research into optimizing PUR characteristics is warranted for advanced regenerative medicine applications.