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Ovarian incidentaloma.

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¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA. solnikm@cshs.org

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Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Most incidental ovarian cysts in post-menopausal women are benign and resolve on their own. Persistent or concerning cysts may require further imaging or surgical evaluation.

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Area of Science:

Gynecology
Radiology
Oncology

Background:

Incidental adnexal masses are common in post-menopausal women, affecting 3.3-18% of asymptomatic individuals.
Unilocular, benign-appearing ovarian cysts are the most frequent findings on transvaginal ultrasonography.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the management of incidental adnexal masses in post-menopausal women.
To differentiate between benign and malignant ovarian cysts.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on adnexal mass diagnosis and management.
Discussion of imaging modalities including transvaginal ultrasonography and MRI.
Analysis of clinical factors such as cyst characteristics, tumor markers (e.g., CA-125), and patient symptoms.

Main Results:

Approximately 80% of ovarian cysts resolve spontaneously within months.
Persistent, unchanged cysts <10 cm with normal CA-125 levels have a low risk of malignancy, supporting observation.
MRI can aid in distinguishing benign from malignant masses.

Conclusions:

Observation is a suitable approach for many persistent, asymptomatic adnexal cysts.
Surgical intervention is indicated for symptomatic patients, those with changing cyst characteristics, elevated tumor markers, or suspected hormone-producing neoplasms.
Evidence-based screening guidelines for adnexal masses are still under development.