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Related Concept Videos

Phosphate Buffer01:22

Phosphate Buffer

The phosphate buffer system is a critical biological mechanism for maintaining pH stability in the body. This system operates primarily through two components: sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4), which acts as a weak acid, and sodium hydrogen phosphate (Na2HPO4), which serves as a weak base.
Sodium dihydrogen phosphate does not fully dissociate in neutral or acidic solutions. When a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), is introduced into the solution, sodium dihydrogen phosphate...
Weak Base Solutions03:21

Weak Base Solutions

Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially and so are classified as weak bases. These types of compounds are also abundant in nature and important commodities in various technologies. For example, global production of the weak base ammonia is typically well over 100 metric tons annually, being widely used as an agricultural fertilizer, a raw material for chemical synthesis of other...
Overview of Advanced Functional Groups02:22

Overview of Advanced Functional Groups


Functional groups are groups of atoms with specific chemical properties that occur within organic molecules and are sometimes denoted as “R”. Functional groups can “functionalize” a compound by enabling it to adopt different physical and chemical properties.
Types of Advanced Functional Groups
The table below summarizes some of the major functional groups in organic chemistry.
Basicity of Aliphatic Amines01:21

Basicity of Aliphatic Amines

Amines can behave as Brønsted–Lowry bases by accepting a proton from the acid to form corresponding conjugate acids. Due to a lone pair of nonbonding electrons, aliphatic amines can also act as Lewis bases by forming a covalent bond with an electrophile.
To measure the basicity of amines, two conventions are generally used. The first defines Kb as the basicity constant for the deprotonation reaction of water by the amine, as presented in Figure 1. Conventionally, lower Kb indicates higher...
Ions as Acids and Bases02:54

Ions as Acids and Bases

Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H01:19

Diazonium Group Substitution: –OH and –H

Nitrous acid, a weak acid, is prepared in situ via the reaction of sodium nitrite with a strong acid under cold conditions. This nitrous acid prepared in situ reacts with primary arylamines to form arenediazonium salts. Such reactions are known as diazotization reactions. As shown in Figure 1, the formation of arenediazonium salts begins with the decomposition of nitrous acid in an acidic solution to give nitrosonium ions.

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Optimized Procedure for Determining the Adsorption of Phosphonates onto Granular Ferric Hydroxide using a Miniaturized Phosphorus Determination Method
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Optimized Procedure for Determining the Adsorption of Phosphonates onto Granular Ferric Hydroxide using a Miniaturized Phosphorus Determination Method

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Anilinium dihydrogen phosphate.

Ondřej Kaman1, Lubomír Smrčok, Róbert Gyepes

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viniční 7, 128 40 Prague 2, Czech Republic.

Acta Crystallographica. Section C, Crystal Structure Communications
|February 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals the triclinic crystal structure of anilinium dihydrogen phosphate, featuring alternating organic and inorganic layers. The structure is stabilized by hydrogen bonds connecting dihydrogen phosphate units into ladders and anilinium cations to these inorganic layers.

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Materials Science
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Understanding the crystal structures of organic-inorganic compounds is crucial for designing new materials.
  • Anilinium dihydrogen phosphate is a relevant compound for exploring hydrogen-bonding networks and layered structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the detailed triclinic crystal structure of anilinium dihydrogen phosphate (C(6)H(8)N(+)·H(2)PO(4)(-)).
  • To analyze the hydrogen bonding interactions and the arrangement of organic and inorganic layers within the crystal lattice.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the crystal structure.
  • Analysis of hydrogen bond geometry and intermolecular interactions was performed.

Main Results:

  • The compound crystallizes in a triclinic system with three independent structural units (Z' = 3).
  • The structure consists of alternating inorganic layers of dihydrogen phosphate tetrahedra, forming infinite ladders, and organic layers of anilinium cations.
  • Anilinium cations are anchored to the inorganic ladders via four N-H···O hydrogen bonds, involving both normal and bifurcated interactions.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure of anilinium dihydrogen phosphate is characterized by a unique layered arrangement stabilized by extensive hydrogen bonding.
  • The specific hydrogen bonding network dictates the assembly of inorganic ladders and the anchoring of organic cations, providing insights into structure-property relationships.