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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
MicroRNAs01:22

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA ends...
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Under normal conditions, most adult cells remain in a non-proliferative state unless stimulated by internal or external factors to replace lost cells. Abnormal cell proliferation is a condition in which the cell's growth exceeds and is uncoordinated with normal cells. In such situations, cell division persists in the same excessive manner even after cessation of the stimuli, leading to persistent tumors. The tumor arises from the damaged cells that replicate to pass the damage to the daughter...

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MicroRNA expression abnormalities in limited cutaneous scleroderma and diffuse cutaneous scleroderma.

Honglin Zhu1, Yisha Li, Shunlin Qu

  • 1Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, People's Republic of China.

Journal of Clinical Immunology
|February 7, 2012
PubMed
Summary

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show altered expression in scleroderma (SSc) skin, impacting fibrosis. Specific miRNAs like miR-21, miR-145, and miR-29b regulate fibrotic genes, suggesting potential SSc therapeutic targets.

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Immunology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Scleroderma (systemic sclerosis, SSc) is a fatal autoimmune fibrotic disease with no cure.
  • MicroRNA (miRNA) dysregulation is implicated in various diseases, but their role in SSc pathogenesis remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the expression patterns and functional roles of microRNAs (miRNAs) in scleroderma (SSc) skin tissues.
  • To identify specific miRNAs and their target genes involved in SSc-associated fibrosis.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of miRNA expression in normal, limited cutaneous SSc, and diffuse cutaneous SSc skin tissues.
  • Correlation analysis of miRNA expression with SSc fibrosis.
  • Validation of miRNA and target gene expression in skin tissues and fibroblasts.
  • Investigating miRNA regulation of target genes (SMAD7, SMAD3, COL1A1) following TGF-β stimulation.

Main Results:

  • Aberrant miRNA expression was observed in SSc skin tissues compared to normal controls.
  • Specific miRNAs (miR-21, miR-31, miR-146, miR-503, miR-145, miR-29b) were correlated with SSc fibrosis.
  • miR-21 was upregulated, while miR-145 and miR-29b were downregulated in SSc tissues and fibroblasts.
  • These miRNAs regulated predicted target genes involved in fibrotic processes (SMAD7, SMAD3, COL1A1).

Conclusions:

  • MicroRNAs play a significant role in the pathogenesis of scleroderma (SSc).
  • The identified miRNAs and their regulatory pathways offer potential therapeutic targets for SSc treatment.