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Potentiodynamic Corrosion Testing

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Published on: September 4, 2016

Metal ion levels decrease after revision for metallosis arising from large-diameter metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty.

Darren Ebreo¹, Abdul Khan, Mohammed El-Meligy

¹Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom.

Acta Orthopaedica Belgica

|February 8, 2012

Summary

Revision surgery for large-diameter metal-on-metal hip implants significantly reduces cobalt and chromium ion levels. These metal ion concentrations return to near-normal levels within a year after implant removal.

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Area of Science:

Orthopedic Surgery
Biomaterials Science
Toxicology

Background:

Concerns exist regarding long-term effects of elevated cobalt and chromium from metal-on-metal hip implants.
Large femoral head diameter metal-on-metal bearings may lead to persistently high circulating metal ion levels.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if metal ion levels remain elevated after revision surgery for large-diameter metal-on-metal hip implants.
To compare pre- and post-revision surgery metal ion levels in patients with specific hip arthroplasty types.

Main Methods:

Patient cohort included those with large head diameter (>38 mm) metal-on-metal total hip arthroplasty or hip resurfacing arthroplasty.
Metal ion levels (cobalt and chromium) were measured before and after revision surgery.
Revision surgery was performed for symptomatic metallosis.

Main Results:

Metal ion levels were significantly reduced after revision surgery.
At over one year post-removal, metal ion levels approached normal ranges.
This indicates a decrease in systemic metal exposure following implant revision.

Conclusions:

Revision surgery effectively lowers circulating cobalt and chromium levels in patients with symptomatic large-diameter metal-on-metal hip implants.
Implant removal leads to a normalization of metal ion levels, mitigating potential long-term risks.
These findings support surgical intervention for managing adverse effects associated with these implants.