Related Experiment Videos

Premedication with granisetron reduces shivering during spinal anaesthesia in children

Ahmed A Eldaba1, Yasser M Amr

  • 1Department of Anesthesia, Tanta University Hospital, Tanta, Egypt.

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care
|February 9, 2012
PubMed

Insights

Prophylactic granisetron effectively prevents postoperative shivering in children undergoing spinal anesthesia. This study found no shivering in the granisetron group, compared to six cases in the placebo group.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Anesthesiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Postoperative shivering is a common complication following spinal anesthesia in children.
  • Effective prophylactic measures are needed to improve patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of prophylactic granisetron in preventing postoperative shivering in pediatric patients.
  • To assess the impact of granisetron on core temperature and anesthetic block levels.

Main Methods:

  • Eighty children (2-5 years, ASA I-II) undergoing lower limb surgery under spinal anesthesia were randomized.
  • Group 1 received intravenous granisetron (10 µg/kg); Group 2 received a saline placebo.
  • Shivering, core temperature, and block levels were monitored post-procedure.

Main Results:

  • No patients in the granisetron group experienced shivering.
  • Six patients (15%) in the placebo group developed shivering (P=0.025).
  • No significant differences were observed in core temperature or block characteristics between groups.

Conclusions:

  • Prophylactic granisetron is an effective strategy for preventing postoperative shivering in children aged two to five years undergoing spinal anesthesia.
  • Granisetron does not appear to affect core temperature or the extent of motor/sensory block.

Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses01:31

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Therapeutic Uses

Skeletal muscle relaxants are used to relax muscle tone and alleviate painful muscle contractions. However, the choice of skeletal muscle relaxants depends on the duration of the surgical procedure in order to minimize potential side effects. Skeletal muscle relaxants like neuromuscular blocking agents [NMBAs] are commonly employed as adjuvants alongside general anesthetics in clinical settings. NMBAs are also used to maintain controlled ventilation during surgery of the larynx or pharynx as...
Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia01:11

Local Anesthetics: Clinical Application as Spinal Anesthesia

Spinal anesthetics are given during lower abdomen and limb surgeries to block sensory and motor neurons. They are administered in the mid to low lumbar regions, primarily acting on the cauda equina's nerve roots. The blockade level depends on the local anesthetic (LA) concentration. Usually, low LA concentrations are sufficient to block sensory fibers, while only high LA concentrations block motor fibers. Other factors like injection volume and speed, the patient's posture, and the drug...
Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects01:21

Skeletal Muscle Relaxants: Adverse Effects

Skeletal muscle relaxants are widely used for muscle paralysis and relieving pain following any muscle injury or stiffness. However, depending on the drug type, they can have adverse effects that range from mild to severe. Usually, nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers have minimal side effects. For example, drugs like d-tubocurarine, cisatracurium, and rocuronium cause hypotension, whereas drugs like baclofen, when stopped abruptly, can lead to the recurrence of spastic conditions.
Unlike...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates these...
Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants01:28

Classification of Skeletal Muscle Relaxants

Skeletal muscle relaxants are a group of drugs that can reduce muscle stiffness and induce temporary paralysis to relieve pain. These agents can act centrally to reduce muscle tone or spasms in painful conditions such as multiple sclerosis (MS), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), or spinal injuries; they are called antispasmodics or spasmolytics.
Peripherally acting skeletal muscle relaxants interfere with the neurotransmission at the neuromuscular end plate to induce paralysis during...