Related Experiment Video
Updated: May 25, 2026

Stable Aqueous Suspensions of Manganese Ferrite Clusters with Tunable Nanoscale Dimension and Composition
Published on: February 5, 2022
Magnetite (Fe3O4): a new variant of relaxor multiferroic?
M Ziese1, P D Esquinazi, D Pantel
1Division of Superconductivity and Magnetism, Faculty of Physics and Geosciences, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany. ziese@physik.uni-leipzig.de
Abstract:
The electric polarization, dielectric permittivity, magnetoelectric effect, heat capacity, magnetization and ac susceptibility of magnetite films and polycrystals were investigated. The electric polarization of magnetite films with saturation values between 4 and 8 μC cm(-2) was found to vanish between 32 and 38 K, but in polycrystals no phase transition was detected in this range by heat capacity. Both types of samples showed magnetoelectric effects at low temperatures below a frequency-dependent crossover. This is interpreted as arising from multiferroic relaxor behavior.
Related Concept Videos
Ferromagnetism
Colors and Magnetism
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human eye.
Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes
Other Unique Bacteria
Diamagnetism
Diamagnetism was discovered by Anton Brugmans in 1778 when he observed that bismuth gets repelled by magnetic fields, thus theorizing that diamagnets get repelled by magnets.
Paramagnetism

