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Quantitative Assessment Protocol for Facial Soft Tissue Volumetric Changes with Stereophotogrammetry
06:26

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Published on: December 9, 2025

Validated assessment scales for the upper face.

Timothy C Flynn1, Alastair Carruthers, Jean Carruthers

  • 1Department of Dermatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA. flynn@caryskincenter.com

Dermatologic Surgery : Official Publication for American Society for Dermatologic Surgery [Et Al.]
|February 10, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

New rating scales reliably assess upper face aging, including forehead lines and crow's feet. These tools offer valid and reproducible measurements for clinical research and practice, excluding brow positioning.

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Area of Science:

  • Aesthetic medicine
  • Dermatology
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Age-related upper face changes impact quality of life.
  • Objective tools are needed for aesthetic research and clinical practice.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Establish reliability of upper face aging assessment scales.
  • Evaluate forehead lines, glabellar lines, crow's feet, and brow positioning.

Main Methods:

  • Developed four 5-point photonumerical rating scales.
  • Twelve experts rated 50 subjects' upper face photographs across two cycles.
  • Assessed intra- and interrater reliability for eight scales.

Main Results:

  • Substantial interrater reliability for most scales and summary scores.
  • High intrarater reliability across all scales and scores.
  • Brow positioning scales showed lower reliability.

Conclusions:

  • Upper face rating scales are reliable for assessing aging, excluding brow positioning.
  • Scales provide valid and reproducible measurements for clinical use.