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Ergonomics in the operating room.

Jenny Gremark Simonsen¹, Inger Arvidsson, Catarina Nordander

¹Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden. jenny.gremarksimonsen@med.lu.se

Work (Reading, Mass.)

|February 10, 2012

Summary

Surgical nurses had low neck/shoulder issues, but assistant nurses faced higher elbow/hand risks. Muscular rest periods may protect against musculoskeletal disorders despite strenuous tasks.

Area of Science:

Occupational Health
Ergonomics
Nursing Studies

Background:

Surgical staff face ergonomic risks, yet their physical workload and musculoskeletal health are under-researched.
Previous studies have not comprehensively evaluated the physical demands on theatre and assisting nurses.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the physical workload and musculoskeletal health of female theatre and assisting nurses.
To identify specific ergonomic risk factors and their association with musculoskeletal diagnoses in surgical nursing staff.

Main Methods:

Clinical examinations of the neck and upper extremities were conducted on 99 theatre nurses and 93 assisting nurses.
Physical workload was evaluated using questionnaires and technical measurements of postures, movements, and muscular load in subgroups.

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Prevalence of musculoskeletal diagnoses was compared between the two nursing groups.

Main Results:

Neck/shoulder diagnoses were not significantly high compared to other occupations.
Assistant nurses showed a higher prevalence of elbow/hand diagnoses (13% vs. 5% in theatre nurses; POR 3.0).
Theatre nurses reported prolonged static postures, while assistant nurses reported high physical load; technical measurements indicated more strenuous postures for theatre nurses but lower wrist velocities.

Conclusions:

Despite some stressful work demands, surgical nurses exhibit relatively low neck/shoulder diagnoses, potentially due to high muscular rest proportions.
The elevated risk of elbow/hand issues in assistant nurses may stem from strenuous, short-duration tasks.
Further ergonomic interventions may be needed, particularly for assistant nurses, to mitigate risks in specific work tasks.