Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Controls in Experiments01:13

Controls in Experiments

When conducting an experiment, it is crucial to have control to reduce bias and accurately measure the dependent variables. It also marks the results more reliable. Controls are elements in an experiment that have the same characteristics as the treatment groups but are not affected by the independent variable. By sorting these data into control and experimental conditions, the relationship between the dependent and independent variables can be drawn. A randomized experiment always includes a...
Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches01:23

Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches

Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast, controlled...
Study Designs in Epidemiology01:20

Study Designs in Epidemiology

Epidemiological study designs are fundamental tools for investigating the distribution, determinants, and control of health conditions in populations. They help researchers understand the relationships between exposures and outcomes, and they broadly fall into two categories: "observational" and "experimental" studies.
Observational studies are those where the researcher does not intervene but rather observes natural variations. They include cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies.
Confounding in Epidemiological Studies01:27

Confounding in Epidemiological Studies

Confounding in statistical epidemiology represents a pivotal challenge, referring to the distortion in the perceived relationship between an exposure and an outcome due to the presence of a third variable, known as a confounder. This variable is associated with both the exposure and the outcome but is not a direct link in their causal chain. Its presence can lead to erroneous interpretations of the exposure's effect, either exaggerating or underestimating the true association. This phenomenon...
Blinding01:11

Blinding

Blinding is a commonly used method of not telling participants which treatment a subject is receiving. Blinding is a critical part of a randomized control trial or RCT. It reduces the bias that affects the results. In an RCT, blinding is used in the form of a placebo. A placebo effect occurs when untreated subjects falsely believe they have received the treatment and report improved symptoms. A placebo or a dummy treatment is administered to subjects to negate the bias caused by such an effect.
Bias in Epidemiological Studies01:29

Bias in Epidemiological Studies

Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Association between urban life-years and cardiometabolic risk: the Indian migration study.

American journal of epidemiology·2011
Same author

Mendelian randomization: the use of genes in instrumental variable analyses.

Health economics·2011
Same author

Socioeconomic inequalities in height, leg length and trunk length among children aged 6.5 years and their parents from the Republic of Belarus: evidence from the Promotion of Breastfeeding Intervention Trial (PROBIT).

Annals of human biology·2011
Same author

Genetic variation at CHRNA5-CHRNA3-CHRNB4 interacts with smoking status to influence body mass index.

International journal of epidemiology·2011
Same author

Maternal and offspring adiposity-related genetic variants and gestational weight gain.

The American journal of clinical nutrition·2011
Same author

Is relative leg length a biomarker of childhood nutrition? Long-term follow-up of the Hyderabad Nutrition Trial.

International journal of epidemiology·2011
Same journal

Can the All of Us sample be reweighted to mirror a nationally representative sample? A comparison of mortality predictors.

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Gut health, systemic inflammation, and linear growth among Indonesian infants: findings from the Action Against Stunting Hub observation cohort: Erratum.

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Evaluating Estimators in Partially Identified Models.

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Stratification and accumulation? Explaining changing mortality inequities between business owners and non-owners in the U.S. (1984-2022).

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

Be wary of age-stratum aging in early-onset cancer trends.

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
Same journal

The Authors Respond.

Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
09:33

Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India

Published on: December 23, 2022

Negative control exposures in epidemiologic studies

George Davey Smith

    Epidemiology (Cambridge, Mass.)
    |February 10, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary

    No abstract available in PubMed .

    More Related Videos

    Using Caenorhabditis elegans for Studying Trans- and Multi-Generational Effects of Toxicants
    08:58

    Using Caenorhabditis elegans for Studying Trans- and Multi-Generational Effects of Toxicants

    Published on: July 29, 2019

    A New Portable In Vitro Exposure Cassette for Aerosol Sampling
    07:01

    A New Portable In Vitro Exposure Cassette for Aerosol Sampling

    Published on: February 22, 2019

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 25, 2026

    Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India
    09:33

    Visualizing Field Data Collection Procedures of Exposure and Biomarker Assessments for the Household Air Pollution Intervention Network Trial in India

    Published on: December 23, 2022

    Using Caenorhabditis elegans for Studying Trans- and Multi-Generational Effects of Toxicants
    08:58

    Using Caenorhabditis elegans for Studying Trans- and Multi-Generational Effects of Toxicants

    Published on: July 29, 2019

    A New Portable In Vitro Exposure Cassette for Aerosol Sampling
    07:01

    A New Portable In Vitro Exposure Cassette for Aerosol Sampling

    Published on: February 22, 2019