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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Master Transcription Regulators02:23

Master Transcription Regulators

Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
Transcription Factors02:16

Transcription Factors

Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells
14:23

Generation of Induced Regulatory T Cells from Primary Human Naïve and Memory T Cells

Published on: April 16, 2012

Transcription factor network regulating CD(+)CD8(+) thymocyte survival.

Ruiqing Wang1, Huimin Xie, Zhaofeng Huang

  • 1Division of Immunology, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.

Critical Reviews in Immunology
|February 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The lifespan of double-positive (DP) thymocytes is crucial for T-cell development. Transcription factors interact to control DP cell survival, ensuring proper T-cell repertoire formation.

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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

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Published on: April 16, 2012

Adenoviral Transduction of Naive CD4 T Cells to Study Treg Differentiation
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Published on: August 13, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • More than 80% of thymocytes are CD4(+)CD8(+) double positive (DP) cells, undergoing selection processes.
  • DP thymocyte lifespan is critical for shaping the peripheral T-cell repertoire and immune responses.
  • Failure in T-cell receptor (TCR) alpha chain rearrangement necessitates further rearrangement rounds, impacting DP cell survival and positive selection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the interactive network of transcription factors regulating DP thymocyte survival.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which transcription factors control DP cell lifespan.
  • To understand the role of these factors in T-cell development and positive selection.

Main Methods:

  • This review discusses existing research and recent findings.
  • Analysis of molecular pathways involving transcription factors and Bcl-x(L).
  • Exploration of the regulatory network governing DP thymocyte survival.

Main Results:

  • The antiapoptotic protein Bcl-x(L) is a key regulator of DP cell survival.
  • Several transcription factors (TCF-1, E proteins, c-Myb, RORγt) regulate DP survival via a Bcl-x(L)-dependent pathway.
  • An interactive network among these transcription factors is emerging, influencing DP thymocyte survival.

Conclusions:

  • Transcription factors work together in a complex network to control DP thymocyte survival.
  • This coordinated regulation is critical for the successful completion of T-cell development.
  • Understanding this network is essential for comprehending T-cell repertoire formation and immune function.