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Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...
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Emotionally traumatic events often lead to memories that are exceptionally vivid and enduring, sometimes persisting with remarkable clarity throughout an individual's life. A classic example of this phenomenon is a person who survives a car accident. Even years later, they may recall every detail of the event with startling accuracy — the screeching of the tires, the jarring impact, and the acrid smell of burning rubber. Such vividness contrasts sharply with how an individual remembers mundane...
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Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
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Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: January 20, 2023

Mortality associated with traumatic injuries in the elderly: a population based study.

Stephen O'Neill1, Richard R Brady, Jan J Kerssens

  • 1Department of Surgery, Queen Margaret Hospital, Dunfermline, NHS Fife, UK. stephenoneill@doctors.org.uk

Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics
|February 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Elderly trauma patients face higher mortality rates. Factors like low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores, male gender, and severe injuries independently predict mortality in this population.

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Murine Model of Controlled Cortical Impact for the Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury
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Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Assessing Changes in Synaptic Plasticity Using an Awake Closed-Head Injury Model of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
09:49

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Published on: January 20, 2023

Murine Model of Controlled Cortical Impact for the Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury
05:01

Murine Model of Controlled Cortical Impact for the Induction of Traumatic Brain Injury

Published on: August 16, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Trauma Surgery
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Elderly trauma incidence is rising, posing significant morbidity and mortality risks.
  • Understanding factors influencing survival in older trauma patients is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Identify factors associated with survival and mortality in elderly trauma patients.
  • Compare the epidemiology of trauma in elderly versus younger individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected multi-center trauma database (The Scottish Trauma Audit Group).
  • Inclusion of 52,887 trauma patients over 11 years, with separate analysis of elderly (>80 years) and younger (13-80 years) cohorts.
  • Utilized multiple logistic regression to identify independent predictors of mortality.

Main Results:

  • Elderly patients (9.1% of cohort) exhibited a higher mortality rate (9.9% vs. 4%, p<0.001).
  • Factors associated with increased elderly mortality included male gender, high falls, low Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), higher Injury Severity Score (ISS), higher Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS) for spinal injury, hemodynamic compromise, and delayed presentation.
  • Independent predictors of mortality in the elderly were low GCS, male gender, higher ISS, higher AIS of spinal injury, hemodynamic compromise, and concomitant minor leg/arm injuries.

Conclusions:

  • Trauma in the elderly is linked to substantially higher mortality.
  • Low GCS, male gender, higher ISS, higher AIS of spinal injury, hemodynamic compromise, and concomitant minor leg/arm injuries are key independent predictors of mortality in elderly trauma patients.