Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis01:30

Inhibitors of Viral Protein Synthesis

Protein synthesis is indispensable for viral replication, as viruses lack the cellular machinery required for this process and must hijack the host's translational apparatus. In response, host cells deploy a critical innate immune defense involving interferons, specialized cytokines that play a central role in inhibiting viral propagation.Upon viral detection, infected cells release interferons that bind to receptors on adjacent uninfected cells, activating the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and...
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Functions of the Nervous System01:18

Functions of the Nervous System

The nervous system is responsible for coordinating and regulating the body's functions. It functions through three main processes: sensory, integrative, and motor processes. Sensory function involves the detection and transmission of information about internal and external stimuli from sensory receptors to the CNS. The CNS processes this information through an integrative function, where it interprets and makes decisions based on the incoming sensory information. Finally, the motor function...
Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein01:20

Antiepileptic Drugs: Modulators of Neurotransmitter Release Mediated by SV2A Protein

Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
SV2A is a transmembrane glycoprotein located predominantly in the brain, modulating the release of neurotransmitters for neuronal communication. Both levetiracetam and brivaracetam exhibit a high affinity for...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Differential Impact of Serotonin Signaling Methylphenidate on Young versus Adult: Insights from Behavioral and Dorsal Raphe Nucleus Neuronal Recordings from Freely Behaving Rats.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024
Same author

Differential Roles of Key Brain Regions: Ventral Tegmental Area, Locus Coeruleus, Dorsal Raphe, Nucleus Accumbens, Caudate Nucleus, and Prefrontal Cortex in Regulating Response to Methylphenidate: Insights from Neuronal and Behavioral Studies in Freely Behaving Rats.

International journal of molecular sciences·2024
Same author

Dopamine, Norepinephrine and Serotonin Participate Differently in Methylphenidate Action in Concomitant Behavioral and Ventral Tegmental Area, Locus Coeruleus and Dorsal Raphe Neuronal Study in Young Rats.

International journal of molecular sciences·2023
Same author

Methylphenidate induces a different response in the dorsal raphe as compared to ventral tegmental area and locus coeruleus: behavioral and concomitant neuronal recordings in adult rats.

Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)·2023
Same author

Immunotherapy as a treatment to confront the ongoing opioid epidemic- A review.

Journal of cellular and molecular immunology·2023
Same author

Methylphenidate cross-sensitization with amphetamine is dose dependent but not age dependent.

Behavioural brain research·2022

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
10:00

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes

Published on: March 24, 2015

Interferon modulates central nervous system function.

Cruz Reyes-Vázquez1, Bertha Prieto-Gómez, Nachum Dafny

  • 1Departamento de Fisiología, División de Investigación, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Apdo. Postal 70250, México, 20, DF México.

Brain Research
|February 11, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Interferons (IFNs) are vital cytokines with crucial roles in the nervous system, regulating functions from mood to immunity. This review details their impact on neuronal activity, homeostasis, and their therapeutic applications in various diseases.

More Related Videos

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA
10:55

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA

Published on: October 11, 2013

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
09:38

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination

Published on: September 12, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2026

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes
10:00

High-throughput Quantitative Real-time RT-PCR Assay for Determining Expression Profiles of Types I and III Interferon Subtypes

Published on: March 24, 2015

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA
10:55

Rescue of Recombinant Newcastle Disease Virus from cDNA

Published on: October 11, 2013

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination
09:38

Determining Immune System Suppression versus CNS Protection for Pharmacological Interventions in Autoimmune Demyelination

Published on: September 12, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Neuroimmunology
  • Cytokine Signaling
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Interferons (IFNs) are endogenous cytokines with essential physiological functions, including disease protection and homeostasis maintenance.
  • IFNs play a significant role in both normal physiological processes and the pathogenesis of various diseases.
  • Dysregulation of IFNs can lead to toxicity and adverse outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the multifaceted effects of endogenous interferons (IFNs) on the nervous system.
  • To elucidate the mechanisms by which IFNs modulate neuronal activity and physiological functions.
  • To highlight the therapeutic relevance of IFNs in treating a range of malignant and non-malignant conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on endogenous interferon effects on the nervous system.
  • Analysis of interferon receptors and their signaling pathways.
  • Synthesis of information on IFN-mediated regulation of neuronal activity, mood, sleep, temperature, endocrine, opioid, and immune systems.

Main Results:

  • IFNs modulate key aspects of nervous system function, including neuronal activity, mood, sleep, and temperature regulation.
  • IFNs influence the endocrine, opioid, and immune systems, impacting food consumption and immune responses.
  • Excessive or inappropriate IFN activity can result in significant toxicity.

Conclusions:

  • Endogenous IFNs are critical regulators of nervous system function and homeostasis.
  • Understanding IFN signaling is crucial for both physiological comprehension and therapeutic development.
  • IFNs represent a major therapeutic strategy for numerous diseases, including hepatitis C, multiple sclerosis, and various cancers.