Indications, techniques and results of percutaneous patent foramen ovale closure

Patent foramen ovale (PFO) has been shown to be more prevalent in certain disease states, suggesting a potentially causative role in some patients with cryptogenic stroke, migraine headache or a number of other conditions. Percutaneous PFO closure has become a reasonable treatment option in a subset of those patients. Our objective is to review the possible indications of PFO closure. We further elucidate the technical aspects of PFO closure, provide an overview of the available devices and summarize results of PFO closure procedures.