Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Taxonomy

Taxonomy

Taxonomy is the science of defining and naming groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics. It uses a hierarchy of increasingly inclusive categories with Latin names. The smallest units of taxonomy, species and genus, are used to assign a formal, taxonomic name to each species in a system. This classification system, referred to as binomial nomenclature, was formalized by Carolus Linnaeus in the 18th century.
Hierarchy of Taxonomy
The hierarchy that Carolus Linnaeus first...

Methods of Classification and Identification

Methods of Classification and Identification

Bacterial identification relies on a diverse array of techniques to classify and understand microorganisms, each tailored to uncover specific characteristics. Traditional morphological approaches, while still valuable, are limited for closely related or structurally simple organisms. Modern methods integrate biochemical, serological, genetic, and advanced molecular tools to achieve greater accuracy.Morphological and Biochemical TechniquesMorphological characteristics, such as cell shape and...

Methods of Documentation II: POMR

Methods of Documentation II: POMR

The Problem-Oriented Medical Record (POMR) revolutionized medical record-keeping by introducing a systematic approach focusing on the patient's problems rather than merely listing symptoms. Dr. Lawrence Weed's introduction of this method in the 1960s marked a significant advancement in medical documentation. The POMR framework consists of four key components: the database, problem list, plan of care, and progress notes.

Applications of Molecular Taxonomy

Applications of Molecular Taxonomy

Molecular taxonomy has revolutionized the understanding and classification of bacteria, providing precise insights into their diversity, evolutionary relationships, and ecological roles. By utilizing molecular techniques such as DNA sequencing and fingerprinting, researchers have made significant strides in various fields related to bacterial studies.Resolving Taxonomic AmbiguitiesMolecular taxonomy has been instrumental in distinguishing closely related bacterial species initially thought to...

Microbial Morphologies

Microbial Morphologies

Bacterial and archaeal cells exhibit remarkable diversity in shape and structure, critical in their adaptability and functionality. Among bacteria, the most commonly observed shapes include cocci and bacilli. Cocci are spherical and may exist singly or in groupings such as pairs (diplococci), chains (streptococci), clusters (staphylococci), or tetrads. Bacilli, in contrast, are rod-shaped and can also occur as single cells, in pairs, or chains, depending on their environmental and genetic...

Microbial Classification System

Microbial Classification System

Classification is the process of organizing organisms into hierarchically inclusive groups based on their phenotypic similarities or evolutionary relationships. A species comprises one or more strains, and closely related species are grouped into genera. Genera are further classified into families, families into orders, orders into classes, and so forth, up to the domain level, which is the broadest taxonomic rank derived from a combination of phenotypic and genotypic data.The nomenclature of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Using AI Disagreement to Expose Gaps in Coverage Rules.

JAMA·2026

Same author

Phenotypic prediction of missense variants via deep contrastive learning.

Nature biomedical engineering·2026

Same author

Safeguarding genomic integrity in pluripotent stem-cell therapies.

Lancet (London, England)·2026

Same author

Forecasting left ventricular systolic dysfunction in heart failure with artificial intelligence.

EClinicalMedicine·2026

Same author

Lithium and the Brain-Bone Axis: A Bridge between Osteoporosis and Alzheimer's Disease.

Current osteoporosis reports·2026

Same author

Scaling medical AI across clinical contexts.

Nature medicine·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

A Concoction Pipeline for Generating Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) Among Riparian and Aquatic Beetles

A Concoction Pipeline for Generating Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) Among Riparian and Aquatic Beetles

Published on: July 11, 2025

Taxonomizing, sizing, and overcoming the incidentalome.

Isaac S Kohane¹, Michael Hsing, Sek Won Kong

¹Children's Hospital Informatics Program, Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. isaac_kohane@harvard.edu

Genetics in Medicine : Official Journal of the American College of Medical Genetics

|February 11, 2012

Summary

False-positive incidental findings from whole-genome sequencing are a significant clinical concern. Current methods generate hundreds of false positives per individual, impacting interpretation capabilities.

More Related Videos

Dissection, MicroCT Scanning and Morphometric Analyses of the Baculum

Dissection, MicroCT Scanning and Morphometric Analyses of the Baculum

Published on: March 19, 2017

Use of Chironomidae (Diptera) Surface-Floating Pupal Exuviae as a Rapid Bioassessment Protocol for Water Bodies

Use of Chironomidae (Diptera) Surface-Floating Pupal Exuviae as a Rapid Bioassessment Protocol for Water Bodies

Published on: July 24, 2015

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2026

A Concoction Pipeline for Generating Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) Among Riparian and Aquatic Beetles

A Concoction Pipeline for Generating Molecular Operational Taxonomic Units (MOTUs) Among Riparian and Aquatic Beetles

Published on: July 11, 2025

Dissection, MicroCT Scanning and Morphometric Analyses of the Baculum

Dissection, MicroCT Scanning and Morphometric Analyses of the Baculum

Published on: March 19, 2017

Use of Chironomidae (Diptera) Surface-Floating Pupal Exuviae as a Rapid Bioassessment Protocol for Water Bodies

Use of Chironomidae (Diptera) Surface-Floating Pupal Exuviae as a Rapid Bioassessment Protocol for Water Bodies

Published on: July 24, 2015

Area of Science:

Genomics
Clinical Genetics
Bioinformatics

Background:

Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is increasingly available clinically.
The rise in WGS use is expected to increase incidental findings.
False-positive incidental findings pose a particular clinical challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

To estimate the prevalence of false-positive incidental findings in clinical whole-genome sequencing.
To categorize the primary sources contributing to these false positives.

Main Methods:

Analysis of whole-genome sequences from nine individuals.
Utilized comprehensive public annotation databases for data scanning.
Evaluated estimates against known sources of false-positive annotation errors.

Main Results:

Identified four main sources of false-positive incidental findings: erroneous annotations, sequencing errors, incorrect penetrance estimates, and multiple hypothesis testing.
Erroneous annotations and sequencing errors are expected to be resolved in the near future.
Current methodologies conservatively yield hundreds of false-positive incidental findings per individual.

Conclusions:

The high rate of false positives challenges the delivery of clinical-grade whole-genome interpretation.
Addressing this requires enhanced population studies.
Clinical decision-support systems need retooling to manage false-positive burdens.