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Lignin Down-regulation of Zea mays via dsRNAi and Klason Lignin Analysis

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Controlling lipid accumulation in cereal grains.

Guillaume Barthole¹, Loïc Lepiniec, Peter M Rogowsky

¹Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, UMR1318 INRA-AgroParisTech, INRA Centre de Versailles-Grignon, Route de Saint-Cyr, F-78026 Versailles, France. Guillaume.barthole@versailles.inra.fr

Plant Science : an International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology

|February 14, 2012

Summary

Plant oils are increasingly used as alternatives to fossil fuels, driving research into plant lipid metabolism. Strategies to boost oil content in cereal grains include enhancing embryo size and oil synthesis pathways.

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High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)

High-throughput, Microscale Protocol for the Analysis of Processing Parameters and Nutritional Qualities in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Published on: June 16, 2018

Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Plant Biotechnology
Biochemistry

Background:

Plant oils are shifting from food/feed to industrial applications, increasing demand for vegetable oils.
Cereal grains store carbon as starch (endosperm) and oil (embryo), presenting opportunities for metabolic engineering.
Understanding storage lipid metabolism is crucial for developing high-oil crops.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore strategies for increasing grain oil content in plants.
To identify key metabolic pathways and genetic targets for enhanced oil accumulation.
To review advancements in breeding and genetic engineering for improved oil yield.

Main Methods:

Analysis of cereal grain development and lipid metabolism.
Investigating the role of key enzymes like diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT).
Studying the impact of transcriptional regulators (ZmLEAFY COTYLEDON1, ZmWRINKLED1) on oil synthesis.

Main Results:

Diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) is a viable target for increasing maize embryo oil content.
Overexpression of ZmLEAFY COTYLEDON1 and ZmWRINKLED1 significantly enhances kernel oil accumulation.
Two primary strategies for increasing grain oil content are proposed: increasing embryo proportion or enhancing synthesis within embryos.

Conclusions:

Genetic engineering approaches show promise for increasing plant oil production in cereal grains.
Targeting specific enzymes and regulatory pathways can effectively boost oil accumulation.
Future research may explore redirecting carbon from starch to oil synthesis in the endosperm.