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Related Concept Videos

Ion Exchange01:17

Ion Exchange

Ion exchange chromatography separates charged molecules from a solution by reversibly exchanging them with mobile, or 'active', ions associated with the oppositely charged stationary phase. This method can be used to separate ions, soften and deionize water, and purify solutions. The polymers comprising the ion-exchange column are high-molecular-weight and chemically stable polymers, crosslinked to be porous and essentially insoluble. They are also functionalized with either acidic or basic...
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The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...

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Assembly and Characterization of Polyelectrolyte Complex Micelles
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Published on: March 2, 2020

Cationic starch nanoparticles based on polyelectrolyte complexes.

Ramune Rutkaite1, Joana Bendoraitiene, Rima Klimaviciute

  • 1Laboratory of Biopolymer Research, Faculty of Chemical Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Radvilenu plentas 19, Kaunas LT-50254, Lithuania. ramune.rutkaite@ktu.lt

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|February 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Cationic starch nanoparticles were created using polyelectrolyte complex formation. Their properties, including zeta potential and thermal stability, were modulated by adjusting composition and polycation/polyanion ratios.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Starch-based nanomaterials offer sustainable alternatives in various applications.
  • Controlling nanoparticle properties is crucial for targeted functionalities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize cationic starch nanoparticles.
  • To investigate the influence of composition and charge density on nanoparticle properties.
  • To explore the solubilization capacity of these nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Aqueous polyelectrolyte complex formation between cationic starches and sodium tripolyphosphate.
  • Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy for size and shape analysis.
  • Zeta potential measurements to determine surface charge.
  • Differential scanning calorimetry and FTIR for complex formation and thermal stability.
  • Fluorescence probe experiments to assess solubilization capacity.

Main Results:

  • Spherical, nanosized cationic starch particles were successfully formed.
  • Zeta potential was tunable from +4 mV to +34 mV by adjusting the polycation/polyanion ratio.
  • Enhanced thermal stability was observed with polysalt incorporation.
  • Solubilization capacity varied with nanoparticle composition and concentration.
  • Hydrophobic molecule accommodation decreased with increased cationic groups.

Conclusions:

  • Cationic starch nanoparticles can be effectively synthesized via polyelectrolyte complexation.
  • Nanoparticle properties like zeta potential and thermal stability are controllable.
  • The composition influences the nanoparticle's ability to solubilize hydrophobic molecules.