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Related Concept Videos

Teeth01:15

Teeth

The formation of teeth, also known as odontogenesis, is a complex process that begins in utero, around the sixth week of embryonic development. There are three stages to this process: the bud stage, the cap stage, and the bell stage.
In the bud stage, the tooth germ (an aggregation of cells) starts to form in the developing jawbone. During the cap stage, the tooth germ differentiates into enamel organ, dental papilla, and dental sac, which will later develop into the tooth's enamel, dentin and...
Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives01:14

Changes in Skin Color: Clinical Perspectives

The first thing a clinician sees is the skin, so the examination of the skin should be part of any thorough physical examination. Most skin disorders are relatively benign, but a few, including melanomas, can be fatal if untreated. A couple of the more noticeable disorders, albinism and vitiligo, affect the appearance of the skin and its accessory organs.
Albinism
Albinism is a genetic disorder that affects (completely or partially) the coloring of skin, hair, and eyes. The defect is primarily...
Tooth Anatomy01:21

Tooth Anatomy

The human tooth enables us to eat a variety of foods, speak clearly, and even aid in shaping our faces. Teeth are composed of various elements that work together. Here's a detailed look at the anatomy of a human tooth.
The Crown, Neck, and Root
The visible part of the tooth is referred to as the crown. It's covered by enamel, the hardest substance in the human body. The crown is uniquely shaped for each type of tooth, allowing for different functions such as cutting, tearing, or grinding food.
Oral Cavity01:11

Oral Cavity

The oral cavity, or the mouth, is a complex structure in humans that plays a vital role in our day-to-day lives. Its role is not only in chewing and swallowing food; it also plays a role in speech and facial expressions.
Teeth: The teeth are the hardest structures in our bodies. Humans have two sets of teeth throughout their lifetime: deciduous (baby) teeth and permanent teeth. Each tooth consists of several parts: the crown (visible part), the root (embedded in the jaw), enamel (hard outer...
Pigmentation01:19

Pigmentation

The color of the skin is influenced by a number of pigments, including melanin, carotene, and hemoglobin. Recall that melanin is produced by cells called melanocytes, which are found scattered throughout the stratum basale of the epidermis. The melanin is transferred to the keratinocytes via melanosomes.
Melanin occurs in two primary forms: eumelanin that provides black and brown pigment and pheomelanin that provides red color. Dark-skinned individuals produce more melanin than those with pale...
Hypoxia01:23

Hypoxia

Hypoxia is a medical condition characterized by an inadequate oxygen supply to body tissues. It typically manifests as a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucosae, especially in fair-skinned individuals, when hemoglobin (Hb) saturation drops below 75%.
Types of Hypoxia
There are four primary types of hypoxia, each resulting from a different cause:
1. Anemic hypoxia: This type occurs due to insufficient oxygen delivery caused by a lack of red blood cells (RBCs) or RBCs with abnormal or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Evaluating the Effects of Different Polishing Methods on Color Stability of Dental Restorations in Pediatric Dentistry
03:37

Evaluating the Effects of Different Polishing Methods on Color Stability of Dental Restorations in Pediatric Dentistry

Published on: June 6, 2025

Opalescence of bleached teeth.

Max Schmeling1, Hamilton Pires Maia, Luiz Narciso Baratieri

  • 1Operative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. maxschmeling@globo.com

Journal of Dentistry
|February 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tooth bleaching significantly reduces enamel opalescence, a measure of light scattering. This effect is linked to changes in the yellow-blue color coordinates after the bleaching procedure.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Evaluating the Effects of Different Polishing Methods on Color Stability of Dental Restorations in Pediatric Dentistry
03:37

Evaluating the Effects of Different Polishing Methods on Color Stability of Dental Restorations in Pediatric Dentistry

Published on: June 6, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Dental Materials Science
  • Biomaterials
  • Aesthetic Dentistry

Background:

  • Opalescence is a critical optical property of dental enamel, influencing its aesthetic appearance.
  • Tooth bleaching is a common cosmetic procedure, but its effects on enamel's optical properties require thorough investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To quantitatively assess the impact of tooth bleaching on the opalescence of dental enamel.
  • To determine if bleaching alters the light scattering characteristics of enamel.

Main Methods:

  • Colorimetric analysis using CIELab color coordinates was performed on 38 enamel specimens.
  • Opalescence Parameter (OP) was calculated by comparing reflected and transmitted color data (Δb* and Δa*).
  • Measurements were taken before and after the bleaching procedure.

Main Results:

  • The mean Opalescence Parameter (OP) decreased from 18.9 (±1.6) before bleaching to 16.1 (±1.0) after bleaching.
  • A statistically significant reduction in OP was observed post-bleaching (p>0.001).

Conclusions:

  • Tooth bleaching demonstrably decreases the opalescence of enamel.
  • The observed decrease in opalescence is significantly correlated with alterations in the yellow-blue color coordinate (b*) in the transmitted light spectrum.