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Psychiatric disease and drug abuse
1Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA. karen.santucci@yale.edu
Current Opinion in Pediatrics
|February 14, 2012
Summary
Dual diagnosis, the co-occurrence of severe mental illness and substance-use disorder (SUD), affects millions. Integrated care and psychosocial therapy are recommended for better outcomes in pediatric patients with dual diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Pediatrics
- Addiction Medicine
Background:
- Dual diagnosis commonly refers to severe mental illness co-occurring with substance-use disorder (SUD).
- An estimated 7-10 million individuals in the USA have both a psychiatric disorder and a SUD.
- The pediatric population is increasingly affected due to drug accessibility.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify the magnitude of dual diagnosis in the pediatric population.
- To increase awareness among pediatric healthcare professionals regarding dual diagnosis.
- To inform prevention and early intervention strategies for pediatric dual diagnosis.
Main Methods:
- This is a review article.
- The review identifies the scope of the dual diagnosis problem.
- It aims to strengthen awareness among healthcare providers.
Main Results:
- The exact causes of dual diagnosis are unknown.
- Four hypotheses exist: common factors, secondary mental disorder, secondary substance use (self-medication), and bidirectional influence.
- Individuals with dual diagnosis often exhibit poor treatment adherence and outcomes.
Conclusions:
- Integrated care is recommended over isolated treatment approaches for dual diagnosis.
- Psychosocial therapy shows promise for managing dual diagnosis.
- Early intervention and prevention are crucial for pediatric dual diagnosis.
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