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Related Concept Videos

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions01:17

Intracellular Signaling Affects Focal Adhesions

Integrins act both as extracellular input receivers and as intracellular processing activators. As their name suggests, integrins are entirely integrated into the membrane structure. Their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the phospholipid bilayer's hydrophobic region. These membrane receptors provide extracellular attachment sites for effectors like hormones and growth factors. They activate intracellular response cascades when their effectors are bound and active.
Some...
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Integrins bind ligands and transmit information from outside the cell to inside or vice-versa through an "outside-in signaling" or "inside-out signaling."
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Animal and protozoan cells do not have cell walls to help maintain shape and provide structural stability. Instead, these eukaryotic cells secrete a sticky mass of carbohydrates and proteins into the spaces between adjacent cells. This network of proteins and molecules is called an extracellular matrix or ECM.
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Selectins01:25

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Cell adhesion is  an essential aspect of multicellularity. While stable cell interactions usually occur between cells of the same type, transient cell interactions occur between cells of different tissue types, such as between neutrophils and endothelial cells. Selectins are one class of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) that bind carbohydrate ligands to form transient cell adhesion. They are rod-like proteins with a long extracellular part of variable length ending with the lectin domain, which...
Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules01:31

Immunoglobulin-like Cell Adhesion Molecules

Immunoglobulin-like cell adhesion molecules or Ig-CAMs are a versatile group of cell surface glycoproteins belonging to the immunoglobulin protein superfamily. Ig-CAMs possess the characteristic immunoglobulin protein domains and other domains such as the fibronectin type III domain. The Ig domains are glycosylated to varying degrees in different Ig-CAMs.
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The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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CD151 restricts the α6 integrin diffusion mode.

Xiuwei H Yang1, Rossen Mirchev, Xinyu Deng

  • 1Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. xya222@uky.edu

Journal of Cell Science
|February 14, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tetraspanin CD151 regulates α6 integrin diffusion mode, impacting cell motility and adhesion. This study reveals CD151

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Integrins are crucial cell surface receptors mediating cell adhesion and migration.
  • Tetraspanin CD151 is frequently co-expressed with laminin-binding integrins and influences their function.
  • The precise mechanisms by which CD151 impacts integrin-dependent cellular processes remain largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the mechanistic role of tetraspanin CD151 in regulating α6 integrin function.
  • To investigate how CD151 influences the diffusion dynamics and signaling of α6 integrins in cancer cells.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized MDA-MB-231 mammary cancer cells with CD151 knockdown.
  • Employed single particle tracking to analyze α6 integrin diffusion modes (random-confined diffusion and directed motion).
  • Investigated the sensitivity of α6 integrin diffusion to actin disruption, talin knockdown, and growth factor stimulation (phorbol ester, EGF).

Main Results:

  • CD151 knockdown altered α6 integrin diffusion from predominantly random-confined to directed motion.
  • CD151 knockdown desensitized α6 integrin to talin knockdown and phorbol ester stimulation, while retaining sensitivity to actin disruption.
  • CD151 specifically associates with and promotes random-confined diffusion of α6 integrins, crucial for adhesion and cable formation.

Conclusions:

  • Tetraspanin CD151 specifically regulates the diffusion mode of α6 integrins, impacting their function in cell adhesion and motility.
  • CD151's role in promoting random-confined diffusion of α6 integrins is critical for diverse cellular processes in various tissues.
  • Understanding CD151-integrin interactions provides insights into cancer progression and potential therapeutic targets.