Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Fetal Circulation

Fetal Circulation

Fetal circulation is a unique system that facilitates the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste products between the developing fetus and the mother. This intricate process takes place through a special organ called the placenta.
Two umbilical arteries transport blood from the fetus to the placenta. At the placenta, the blood absorbs oxygen and nutrients while simultaneously eliminating waste products. This oxygen-enriched and nutrient-rich blood then returns to the fetus through one...

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias III: Characteristics of Dysrhythmias

Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are irregular heart rhythms that result from abnormal electrical activity in the heart, affecting its ability to circulate blood efficiently. Tachyarrhythmias, a subset of dysrhythmias, are characterized by abnormally fast heart rates exceeding 100 beats per minute. Here are some types of tachyarrhythmias with their distinct ECG features:Sinus Tachycardia:Sinus tachycardia presents a regular heart rhythm with an increased rate of 101-180 beats per minute.

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Mechanism of Cardiac Arrhythmias

Arrhythmias are irregular heart rhythms occurring when the heart's electrical impulses become abnormal. These disturbances can lead to various symptoms, depending on their severity and the underlying cause. Some common factors contributing to arrhythmias include hypoxia, ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, excessive catecholamine exposure, drug toxicity, and muscle overstretching. Arrhythmias can be classified into two main types based on the rate and site of origin of abnormal heart rhythms.

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Disturbances in Heart Rhythm

Arrhythmia or dysrhythmia refers to an abnormal heart rhythm caused by a defect in the heart's conduction system. It can cause the heart to beat irregularly, too quickly, or too slowly, leading to symptoms like chest pain, shortness of breath, and fainting. Factors such as stress, caffeine, alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, certain drugs, congenital defects, diseases, and electrolyte abnormalities can trigger arrhythmias.
Arrhythmias are categorized by their speed, rhythm, and origin. A slow heart...

Teratogenicity

Teratogenicity

The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Shuddering Attacks in an Infant Treated with Atenolol for Infantile Hemangioma: A Previously Unreported Adverse Effect.

Clinical and experimental dermatology·2026

Same author

Delayed repair of 15-year inferior rectus entrapment.

Orbit (Amsterdam, Netherlands)·2026

Same author

Extensive cutaneous viral warts during JAK inhibitor therapy for atopic dermatitis.

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·2026

Same author

Ultrasound biomicroscopy and anterior segment OCT in ocular surface squamous neoplasia: complementary roles, case series, and targeted literature review.

Frontiers in ophthalmology·2026

Same author

Multimodal Imaging of Globe Compression Caused by a Displaced Orbital Fracture.

Ophthalmic plastic and reconstructive surgery·2026

Same author

HLA export by melanoma cells decoys cytotoxic T cells to promote immune evasion.

Cell·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound (30/45MHZ) System

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound (30/45MHZ) System

Published on: May 5, 2018

Macrocephaly-capillary malformation presenting with fetal arrhythmia.

Jacob Kuint¹, Omer Globus, Guy J Ben Simon

¹Department of Neonatology, Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.

Pediatric Dermatology

|February 15, 2012

Summary

Macrocephaly-capillary malformation is a rare syndrome. In this case, fetal arrhythmia was the first symptom of this overgrowth and asymmetry condition.

More Related Videos

A Pipeline to Characterize Structural Heart Defects in the Fetal Mouse

A Pipeline to Characterize Structural Heart Defects in the Fetal Mouse

Published on: December 16, 2022

Human Fetal Blood Flow Quantification with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Motion Compensation

Human Fetal Blood Flow Quantification with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Motion Compensation

Published on: January 7, 2021

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 25, 2026

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound (30/45MHZ) System

Fetal Mouse Cardiovascular Imaging Using a High-frequency Ultrasound (30/45MHZ) System

Published on: May 5, 2018

A Pipeline to Characterize Structural Heart Defects in the Fetal Mouse

A Pipeline to Characterize Structural Heart Defects in the Fetal Mouse

Published on: December 16, 2022

Human Fetal Blood Flow Quantification with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Motion Compensation

Human Fetal Blood Flow Quantification with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Motion Compensation

Published on: January 7, 2021

Area of Science:

Genetics
Pediatrics
Cardiology

Background:

Macrocephaly-capillary malformation (MCM) syndrome is a rare genetic disorder characterized by overgrowth and capillary malformations.
While cardiac issues are occasionally reported in MCM patients, they are not typically the primary presenting symptom.

Observation:

This report details a unique case where fetal arrhythmia was the initial clinical manifestation identified during prenatal assessment.
The diagnosis of Macrocephaly-capillary malformation syndrome was subsequently confirmed.

Findings:

Fetal arrhythmia can be an early indicator of Macrocephaly-capillary malformation syndrome.
This case highlights the importance of considering rare genetic syndromes in the differential diagnosis of fetal cardiac anomalies.

Implications:

Early recognition of fetal arrhythmia as a potential sign of MCM syndrome may lead to timely diagnosis and management.
Further research into the cardiac manifestations of MCM syndrome is warranted to improve patient outcomes.