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Chronic inflammation is a prolonged, dysregulated immune response that persists for weeks to years when the inciting stimulus is difficult to eradicate or when self‑antigens drive ongoing reactivity. Morphologically, it is defined by mononuclear cell infiltration, progressive tissue destruction, and concurrent attempts at healing via angiogenesis and fibrosis. Compared with acute inflammation, edema is less prominent while cellular infiltration predominates; triggers include persistent...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Systematic Scoring Analysis for Intestinal Inflammation in a Murine Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Model

Systematic Scoring Analysis for Intestinal Inflammation in a Murine Dextran Sodium Sulfate-Induced Colitis Model

Published on: February 14, 2021

Galectins in acute and chronic inflammation.

Fu-Tong Liu¹, Ri-Yao Yang, Daniel K Hsu

¹Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis, School of Medicine, Sacramento, 95816, USA. fliu@ucdavis.edu

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

|February 15, 2012

Summary

Galectins, which bind to sugars, are involved in inflammation and other diseases. Targeting galectins may offer new treatments for inflammatory conditions.

Area of Science:

Biochemistry
Immunology
Cell Biology

Background:

Galectins are a family of animal lectins that recognize beta-galactosides.
They function both intracellularly and extracellularly, influencing cell surface interactions and signaling pathways.
Extracellular galectins mediate cell adhesion, migration, apoptosis, and cytokine production.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the diverse roles of galectins in biological processes.
To highlight galectin involvement in inflammatory and pathological conditions.
To explore the therapeutic potential of galectins in treating diseases.

Main Methods:

Literature review of galectin functions and involvement in pathology.
Analysis of studies using genetically engineered mouse models lacking specific galectins.

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Examination of evidence for galectin-based therapeutic strategies.

Main Results:

Galectins modulate cellular responses like cytokine production, adhesion, migration, and apoptosis.
Intracellular galectins influence signaling pathways, affecting differentiation and motility.
Galectins are implicated in both acute and chronic inflammatory responses and other pathologies.

Conclusions:

Galectins play significant roles in various pathological processes, particularly inflammation.
Studies in genetically modified mice confirm in vivo galectin functions.
Galectins represent promising therapeutic targets and agents for inflammatory diseases.