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Interference: Path Lengths01:10

Interference: Path Lengths

Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
Two special sources may be considered when they are in phase. This can be easily achieved by feeding the two sources from the same source. An example would be synchronizing the two speakers by feeding them with the same source, such as the sound waves produced by a tuning fork. This setup ensures that the two sources have the same frequency and are...
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Updated: May 25, 2026

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets
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Published on: February 6, 2014

Space position measurement using long-path heterodyne interferometer with optical frequency comb.

Xiaonan Wang1, Satoru Takahashi, Kiyoshi Takamasu

  • 1Department of Precision Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8656, Japan. wangxn@nanolab.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Optics Express
|February 15, 2012
PubMed
Summary

A new heterodyne interference system uses an optical-frequency comb for precise position measurement. Despite environmental drifts, fringe scanning and frequency-shifting methods enable accurate absolute distance determination.

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Area of Science:

  • Metrology
  • Optical Physics
  • Precision Engineering

Background:

  • Accurate position and distance measurements are crucial in scientific and industrial applications.
  • Traditional interferometry faces challenges with environmental stability and absolute measurement capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a heterodyne interference system for high-precision position measurement.
  • To investigate the factors affecting measurement accuracy, particularly environmental influences.
  • To validate methods for achieving absolute distance measurements.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a heterodyne interference system utilizing a stabilized optical-frequency comb as the laser source.
  • Implementation of temperature compensation techniques.
  • Conducting preliminary distance measurements (22.478 m) and comparative experiments (7.493 m).
  • Utilizing fringe scanning and frequency-shifting techniques for absolute distance determination.

Main Results:

  • Preliminary measurements over 22.478 m showed a drift of 1.6 μm in 20 minutes, even after temperature compensation.
  • Drift was primarily attributed to environmental condition changes, with table and floor vibrations also contributing.
  • Successful verification of absolute distance measurement using fringe scanning and frequency-shifting methods.

Conclusions:

  • The developed heterodyne interference system shows potential for precise position measurement.
  • Environmental factors and vibrations significantly impact measurement stability.
  • Fringe scanning and frequency-shifting are effective techniques for achieving absolute distance measurements with this system.