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Related Concept Videos

Cryo-electron Microscopy01:28

Cryo-electron Microscopy

Conventional electron microscopy (EM) involves dehydration, fixation, and staining of biological samples, which distorts the native state of biological molecules and results in several artifacts. Also, the high-energy electron beam damages the sample and makes it difficult to obtain high-resolution images. These issues can be addressed using cryo-EM, which uses frozen samples and gentler electron beams. The technique was developed by Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, and Richard Henderson, for...
Magnetic Fields01:27

Magnetic Fields

A moving charge or a current creates a magnetic field in the surrounding space, in addition to its electric field. The magnetic field exerts a force on any other moving charge or current that is present in the field. Like an electric field, the magnetic field is also a vector field. At any position, the direction of the magnetic field is defined as the direction in which the north pole of a compass needle points.
A magnetic field is defined by the force that a charged particle experiences...
Electromagnetic Fields01:30

Electromagnetic Fields

Electric fields generated by static charges, often referred to as electrostatic fields, are characteristically different from electric fields created by time-varying magnetic fields. While the former is a conservative field, implying that no net work is done on a test charge if it goes around in a complete loop in the field, the latter is, by definition, not a conservative field; net work is done, and it is proportional to the rate of change of magnetic flux.
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Induced Electric Fields: Applications01:27

Induced Electric Fields: Applications

An important distinction exists between the electric field induced by a changing magnetic field and the electrostatic field produced by a fixed charge distribution. Specifically, the induced electric field is nonconservative because it does not work in moving a charge over a closed path. In contrast, the electrostatic field is conservative and does no net work over a closed path. Hence, electric potential can be associated with the electrostatic field but not the induced field. The following...
Energy In A Magnetic Field01:24

Energy In A Magnetic Field

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Electric fields for warming cryopreserved tissue.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 25, 2026

Cryogenic Sample Loading into a Magic Angle Spinning Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrometer that Preserves Cellular Viability
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Published on: September 1, 2020

Electric and magnetic fields in cryopreservation.

Brian Wowk

    Cryobiology
    |February 15, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary

    Electromagnetic fields can influence ice formation during cryopreservation through non-thermal mechanisms. While electric fields show promise, the impact of magnetic fields on cryopreservation is less clear and requires further investigation.

    Area of Science:

    • Cryobiology
    • Biophysics
    • Electromagnetism

    Background:

    • Electromagnetic warming is a established method for cryopreservation recovery, particularly for vitrified tissues.
    • Non-thermal effects of electromagnetic fields on ice formation during cryopreservation are less understood.
    • Electric fields (static and oscillating) show potential to modulate ice formation.

    Discussion:

    • The influence of electric fields on ice nucleation and growth warrants further research.
    • Evidence supporting the role of magnetic fields in cryopreservation is currently limited and debated.
    • Recent claims regarding static magnetic fields improving freezing cryopreservation are critically examined.

    Key Insights:

    • Electromagnetic fields, beyond warming, can impact cryopreservation processes.

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    Last Updated: May 25, 2026

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    Published on: September 1, 2020

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  • Electric fields demonstrate a clearer potential for influencing ice formation compared to magnetic fields.
  • The efficacy of low-strength static magnetic fields in enhancing cryopreservation is questionable.

    • Outlook:

    • Further investigation into non-thermal electromagnetic field effects is crucial for advancing cryopreservation techniques.
    • Developing precise control over electric fields could optimize ice formation and improve cryopreservation outcomes.
    • Rigorous validation is needed for claims involving magnetic field applications in cryobiology.