Emerging significance of estrogen cancer coregulator signaling in breast cancer
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Updated: May 24, 2026

Systems Biology of Metabolic Regulation by Estrogen Receptor Signaling in Breast Cancer
Published on: March 17, 2016
M Mann1, S Krishnan, R K Vadlamudi
1Department Obstetrics and Gynecology, UT Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Abstract:
Estrogen receptor (ERα) plays an important role in the initiation and progression of breast cancer. Many breast cancer patients respond positively to hormonal therapy; however, initial or acquired resistance to endocrine therapies frequently occurs and tumors recur as metastases. Emerging evidence suggests that ERα action is complex and involves functional interactions with coregulators. The levels of ERα coregulator proteins are tightly regulated under normal conditions and ERα-coregulator proteins have the potential to be differentially expressed in malignant tumors and have altered functions leading to tumor progression and metastases. In this review, we summarize recent findings that relate to ERα coregulators and discuss implications of ERα coregulator deregulation in breast cancer metastasis.
Insights
Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) coregulators are crucial in breast cancer. Deregulation of these ERα coregulators can drive tumor progression and metastasis, impacting treatment outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
- Endocrinology
Background:
- Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) is a key driver in breast cancer initiation and progression.
- While hormonal therapies are effective, resistance and metastasis remain significant clinical challenges.
- ERα function is modulated by coregulator proteins, whose expression and function can be altered in cancer.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent findings on ERα coregulators in breast cancer.
- To discuss the implications of ERα coregulator deregulation in breast cancer metastasis.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of studies on ERα coregulators and breast cancer metastasis.
- Synthesis of current evidence on the role of ERα-coregulator interactions.
Main Results:
- ERα coregulator protein levels are tightly regulated but can be dysregulated in malignant tumors.
- Altered ERα coregulator expression and function contribute to tumor progression and metastasis.
- Specific ERα coregulators show potential as therapeutic targets or biomarkers.
Conclusions:
- ERα coregulators play a critical role in breast cancer metastasis.
- Understanding ERα coregulator deregulation is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies against metastatic breast cancer.
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