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Related Experiment Videos

Decrease in childhood neuroblastoma death in Japan.

Y Hanawa1, T Sawada, A Tsunoda

  • 1First Department of Pediatrics, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Medical and Pediatric Oncology
|January 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Neuroblastoma deaths in children under 15 in Japan decreased significantly after 1985, particularly in the 1-4 age group. This trend may be linked to widespread neuroblastoma mass-screening initiatives.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Oncology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Neuroblastoma is a significant cause of cancer-related mortality in young children.
  • Understanding trends in neuroblastoma deaths is crucial for evaluating public health interventions.
  • Previous studies have indicated varying survival rates and mortality patterns globally.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze trends in neuroblastoma-related mortality among children under 15 in Japan.
  • To identify specific age groups most affected by changes in neuroblastoma death rates.
  • To explore potential contributing factors to observed mortality trends.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of death statistics cards for children under 15 years of age.
  • Data collected between 1979 and 1987, focusing on malignant neoplasms including neuroblastoma.

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  • Identification and tabulation of 1,037 neuroblastoma death cases.

    • Main Results:

    • Total neuroblastoma deaths ranged from 118-145 annually between 1979-1984.
    • A notable decline in deaths was observed from 1985 onwards, reaching 89 in 1985/1986 and 93 in 1987.
    • The decline was most pronounced in children aged 1-4 years, with death rates halving between 1979 and 1987; other age groups showed no significant decline.

    Conclusions:

    • A significant decrease in neuroblastoma mortality among young children in Japan occurred after 1985.
    • Widespread mass-screening for neuroblastoma is a potential contributing factor to this observed decline.
    • Further research is warranted to definitively establish the causal relationship between screening and reduced mortality.