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Metoprolol-induced visual hallucinations: a case series.

Jonathan A Goldner¹

¹Department of Medicine, Pocono Medical Center, East Stroudsburg, PA, USA. jgoldner@pmchealthsystem.org.

Journal of Medical Case Reports

|February 17, 2012

Summary

Visual hallucinations are a rare but possible side effect of metoprolol, a common heart medication. Patients and doctors should be aware of this potential adverse effect, which resolves upon discontinuing the drug.

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Pharmacology
Neurology

Background:

Metoprolol is a widely prescribed beta-adrenergic blocker for cardiovascular conditions.
Central nervous system adverse effects are known for beta-blockers, but visual hallucinations are rarely reported with metoprolol.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the under-recognized adverse effect of visual hallucinations associated with metoprolol use.
To present case studies illustrating metoprolol-induced visual hallucinations and their resolution upon drug discontinuation.

Main Methods:

Case report analysis of three patients experiencing visual hallucinations while on metoprolol.
Observation of symptom resolution after metoprolol discontinuation or switching to an alternative beta-blocker.

Main Results:

Three distinct cases of metoprolol-induced visual hallucinations are presented.
In all cases, visual hallucinations resolved after metoprolol was stopped or switched to atenolol.

Conclusions:

Metoprolol-induced visual hallucinations may be under-recognized and under-reported by patients and healthcare providers.
Diligent surveillance for visual toxicity is crucial in patients managed with metoprolol.
Healthcare providers should consider metoprolol as a potential cause of visual hallucinations.