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Related Concept Videos

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle length...
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses01:11

Direct-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Therapeutic Uses

Direct-acting cholinergic agonists have many therapeutic uses in various medical fields. Choline esters, including acetylcholine, have limited clinical utility due to their non-selectivity and short duration of action. Still, acetylcholine and carbachol are applied topically during ophthalmologic surgery to induce miosis. Pilocarpine, a muscarinic and ganglionic stimulator, effectively treats open-angle glaucoma and alleviates xerostomia and dry mouth caused by radiotherapy or Sjögren syndrome.
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives
08:46

Fertility Preservation Through Oocyte Vitrification: Clinical and Laboratory Perspectives

Published on: September 16, 2021

Cabergoline for preventing ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome.

Huilin Tang1, Tamara Hunter, Yongfang Hu

  • 1Department of Pharmacy, Therapeutic Drug Monitoring and Clinical Toxicology Center of Peking University, Peking UniversityThird Hospital, Beijing, China. hltang1985@yahoo.cn.

The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews
|February 17, 2012
PubMed
Summary

Cabergoline effectively reduces the risk of moderate ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) in women undergoing assisted reproduction technology (ART) treatments. This intervention does not negatively impact pregnancy outcomes or increase adverse events.

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Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction
12:03

Fertility Preservation in Patients with Severe Ovarian Dysfunction

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Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) is a significant complication of assisted reproduction technology (ART), occurring in 3-8% of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) cycles.
  • Cabergoline, a dopamine agonist, is increasingly used for secondary prevention of OHSS in high-risk individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of cabergoline for preventing OHSS in women undergoing ART treatments.
  • To assess the impact of cabergoline on pregnancy outcomes and adverse events.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic search of major medical databases for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to September 2011.
  • Inclusion criteria focused on RCTs comparing cabergoline with placebo, no treatment, or other interventions for OHSS prevention in high-risk women.
  • Primary outcomes included moderate/severe OHSS incidence and live birth rate; secondary outcomes encompassed pregnancy and miscarriage rates, and adverse effects.

Main Results:

  • Two RCTs with 230 women indicated that oral cabergoline (0.5 mg daily) significantly reduced OHSS incidence (OR 0.40, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.77) with a number needed to treat of 7.
  • A significant reduction in moderate OHSS was observed (OR 0.38, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.78), but not in severe OHSS.
  • No significant differences were found in clinical pregnancy rates, miscarriage rates, or other adverse effects; however, live birth and multiple pregnancy data were not reported.

Conclusions:

  • Cabergoline demonstrates potential in reducing OHSS risk, particularly moderate forms, in high-risk ART patients.
  • The drug appears safe concerning pregnancy outcomes and adverse events.
  • Further large-scale RCTs are needed to compare cabergoline with established treatments and evaluate its role in OHSS prevention comprehensively.