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Mammographic density and urbanization: a population-based screening study.

Jean-François Viel¹, Raouchan Rymzhanova

¹Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University Hospital, 2, rue Henri Le Guilloux, 35033 Rennes cedex 9, France. jean-francois.viel@univ-rennes1.fr

Journal of Medical Screening

|February 17, 2012

Summary

Urban living is linked to higher breast density in women, a key factor in breast cancer risk. This study found increased mammographic density with greater urbanization, suggesting tailored screening approaches.

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Area of Science:

Oncology
Radiology
Epidemiology

Background:

Breast cancer incidence is higher in urban areas.
Mammographic density may reflect cumulative hormone exposure.
Urbanization's impact on breast density requires investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

To assess the relationship between mammographic density and degree of urbanization.
To understand how urban living influences breast tissue density.

Main Methods:

Analysis of 55,597 cancer-free women aged 50-59.
Utilized data from a French breast cancer screening program (2005-2009).
Employed ordered logistic regression, adjusting for confounders and using multiple imputation for missing data.

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Main Results:

A significant positive linear trend was observed between urbanization and mammographic density.
Increased age and lower socioeconomic status were associated with decreased density.
Hormone replacement therapy use showed a significant positive association with density.

Conclusions:

An urbanization gradient in mammographic density exists.
This finding may aid in identifying women needing advanced screening like full-field digital mammography.
Results can inform risk-based screening strategy recommendations for primary care providers.