Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists

Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists

Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function. They...

Information Processing Approach

Information Processing Approach

The information-processing theory of cognitive development centers on fundamental mental processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving skills. Researchers in this field examine how cognitive abilities, such as working memory, evolve and influence children's overall development. Studies indicate that children with stronger working memory tend to excel in reading comprehension, math, and problem-solving compared to peers with less efficient memory skills. Low working memory is also...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Prospective Study on Effects of Sports Participation on Brain Injury versus Orthopedic Injury in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.

Journal of neurotrauma·2026

Same author

Novel Psychiatric Disorders Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in the Second Year of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study.

Journal of neurotrauma·2026

Same author

MEG Working Memory N-Back Task Revealed Functional Deficits in Children with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Journal of neurotrauma·2026

Same author

Evaluating the Duke Iterative Cognitive Examination Against the Montreal Cognitive Assessment: Validity and Clinical Utility.

Neurology. Clinical practice·2026

Same author

A longitudinal study of inter-hemispheric transfer time across the corpus callosum in adults following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI): Evidence from event-related potentials (ERP) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).

Neuropsychologia·2026

Same author

Herpes simplex virus 2 and dementia risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Frontiers in dementia·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

Are effort measures sensitive to cognitive impairment?

Pamelia F Willis¹, Thomas J Farrer, Erin D Bigler

¹Department of Behavioral Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, ATTN: MCHE BM, 3851 Roger Brooke Drive, Fort Sam Houston, TX 78234-6200, USA.

Military Medicine

|February 18, 2012

Summary

Symptom validity tests (SVTs) may inaccurately flag cognitive impairment as poor effort. This study shows that genuine memory deficits, not just poor effort, can cause failure on the Word Memory Test (WMT).

More Related Videos

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach

Published on: February 14, 2014

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Development of a Virtual Reality Assessment of Everyday Living Skills

Published on: April 23, 2014

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing

Published on: January 24, 2020

Area of Science:

Neuropsychology
Cognitive Science

Background:

Symptom validity tests (SVTs) are designed to assess genuine effort in cognitive assessments.
SVTs are presumed insensitive to cognitive impairments, suggesting failure indicates poor effort or exaggeration.

Observation:

This study presents three cases where patients failed the Word Memory Test (WMT), a verbal recognition SVT.
One patient with early dementia failed the WMT, fitting a 'Genuine Memory Impaired Profile'.
Two patients with mild traumatic brain injury also failed the WMT, with performance suggesting cognitive deficits influenced results.

Findings:

Failure on the Word Memory Test (WMT) may not solely reflect poor effort.
Cognitive impairments, such as dementia or mild traumatic brain injury deficits, can lead to SVT failure.

Implications:

Neuropsychological examiners should consider potential cognitive impairments when interpreting SVT results.
Using multiple indicators of effort is recommended to ensure accurate assessment of test data validity.