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Updated: May 24, 2026

Application of Long-term cultured Interferon-γ Enzyme-linked Immunospot Assay for Assessing Effector and Memory T Cell Responses in Cattle
Published on: July 11, 2015
Within-farm transmission of bovine paratuberculosis: recent developments
Susanne W F Eisenberg1, Mirjam Nielen, Ad P Koets
1Department of Farm Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. s.w.f.eisenberg@uu.nl
Abstract:
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis is the causative agent of paratuberculosis in cattle which causes a chronic infection of the small intestine. Since the transmission is only partly understood current control programs have been able to only decrease prevalence but not to eradicate disease from a herd. Unknown and therefore uncontrolled routes of transmission were suggested and infective bioaerosols were hypothesized as a potential candidate. This review gives an overview concerning disease transmission and focuses on consequences of bioaerosols on the within-herd transmission of paratuberculosis.

