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Related Concept Videos

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways01:22

Photoreceptors and Visual Pathways

At the molecular level, visual signals trigger transformations in photopigment molecules, resulting in changes in the photoreceptor cell's membrane potential. The photon's energy level is denoted by its wavelength, with each specific wavelength of visible light associated with a distinct color. The spectral range of visible light, classified as electromagnetic radiation, spans from 380 to 720 nm. Electromagnetic radiation wavelengths exceeding 720 nm fall under the infrared category, whereas...
Visual Agnosia01:12

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round end"...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.
Diabetic Retinopathy01:27

Diabetic Retinopathy

DefinitionDiabetic retinopathy is a microvascular complication of diabetes affecting the retinal blood vessels.Risk FactorsDiabetic retinopathy is present in almost all individuals with type 1 diabetes and more than 60% of those with type 2 diabetes after two decades of disease.The risk increases with poor glycemic control, hypertension, dyslipidemia, smoking, pregnancy, and puberty.Although cataracts and glaucoma are also more frequent in people with diabetes, retinopathy remains the leading...
Equilibrium and Balance01:15

Equilibrium and Balance

The inner ear assumes dual functionalities of auditory perception and equilibrium maintenance. The vestibule is the organ responsible for balance. This organ contains mechanoreceptors, specifically hair cells, endowed with stereocilia, which aid in deciphering information regarding the position and motion of our heads. Two intrinsic components, the utricle and saccule, help perceive head position, while the semicircular canals track head movement. Neurological messages initiated in the...

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3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
10:39

3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache

Published on: June 2, 2014

Recurrent headaches with visual disturbance.

Alessandro S Zagami1, Sian L Goddard

  • 1Institute of Neurological Sciences, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia. a.zagami@unsw.edu.au

The Medical Journal of Australia
|February 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Migraine is a common neurological disorder causing significant disability. Effective management involves acute and prophylactic treatments, trigger identification, and addressing medication overuse headache for chronic migraine.

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3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Headache Disorders

Background:

  • Migraine is a prevalent neurological condition, frequently encountered by healthcare professionals.
  • It affects a substantial portion of the population, with episodic migraine impacting up to 18% of women and 6% of men.
  • Migraine is a leading cause of disability globally, ranking eighth among all mental and neurological disorders.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the significance of migraine as a common neurological problem.
  • To emphasize the importance of differentiating migraine from other primary headaches for effective management.
  • To underscore the need for identifying and treating medication overuse headache and chronic migraine.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data on migraine prevalence.
  • Discussion of diagnostic criteria for primary headaches, including migraine.
  • Outline of current therapeutic strategies for migraine management.

Main Results:

  • Migraine, especially chronic forms, is highly disabling.
  • Accurate diagnosis and differentiation from other headache types are crucial.
  • Most patients can achieve satisfactory symptom control with appropriate treatment.

Conclusions:

  • Migraine management requires a comprehensive approach including acute and prophylactic therapies.
  • Identifying and treating medication overuse headache is essential for patients with chronic migraine.
  • Effective treatment strategies can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals suffering from migraine.