A case with postchemotherapy eruptive compound nevus.

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Pediatric Oncology
• Oncology

Background:

• Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a common childhood cancer.
• Chemotherapy is a standard treatment for ALL, but can have various side effects.
• Eruptive nevi are a sudden onset of multiple new moles.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report a rare case of eruptive compound nevus.
• To highlight a potential adverse effect of chemotherapy in pediatric cancer patients.
• To discuss the clinical and histopathological findings of this rare condition.

Main Methods:

• Case report of an 8-year-old male patient.
• Detailed dermatological examination and lesion description.
• Histopathological analysis of biopsied skin lesions.
• Review of patient's medical history including ALL diagnosis and chemotherapy treatment.

Main Results:

• The patient developed 142 hyperpigmented macules after completing chemotherapy for ALL.
• Histopathology confirmed the lesions as compound nevi.
• The onset and rapid spread of nevi were noted 3 months post-chemotherapy.

Conclusions:

• Eruptive compound nevi can occur as a rare side effect following chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
• Close monitoring and histopathological evaluation are crucial for diagnosing such conditions.
• This case underscores the importance of recognizing unusual dermatological manifestations in cancer survivors.