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Related Experiment Videos

Acute transfusion reactions.

R A Henderson1, L Pinder

  • 1Auckland Regional Blood Centre.

The New Zealand Medical Journal
|October 24, 1990
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute transfusion reactions are mostly mild, with fever and rash being common. Laboratory tests often fail to identify the cause, suggesting a need for streamlined investigations into transfusion reactions.

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Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Transfusion Medicine
  • Clinical Pathology

Background:

  • Acute transfusion reactions (ATRs) are a significant concern in blood product administration.
  • Understanding the incidence and characteristics of ATRs is crucial for patient safety.
  • Previous studies have highlighted varying rates and types of reactions across different blood products.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the incidence, clinical features, and laboratory findings of acute transfusion reactions.
  • To identify the most common blood products associated with reactions and their specific symptoms.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic yield of laboratory investigations in determining the etiology of ATRs.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 1500 acute transfusion reactions reported over a 7-year period.

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  • Analysis of transfusion data from approximately 440,000 transfusions.
  • Categorization of reactions by blood product type, symptom presentation, and serological findings.

    • Main Results:

    • Red blood cell transfusions had the highest reaction incidence (0.73%).
    • Common symptoms included fever (72%), rigors (33%), and rash/urticaria (30%), mostly mild and transient.
    • Only 12% of reactions showed identifiable serological abnormalities, with six cases of autoantibodies.

    Conclusions:

    • Most acute transfusion reactions are mild and transient, with red cells posing the highest risk.
    • Current laboratory investigations have limited utility in accurately diagnosing the cause of most ATRs.
    • A rationalized approach to investigating acute transfusion reactions is recommended to improve diagnostic efficiency.