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Updated: May 24, 2026
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Ex Vivo Infection of Human Lymphoid Tissue and Female Genital Mucosa with Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 and Histoculture
Published on: October 12, 2018
Human immunodeficiency virus infection in pregnancy
1Division of Infectious Diseases;
Summary
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in women of childbearing age is increasing. Optimal medical care and zidovudine therapy can significantly reduce HIV transmission from mother to infant during pregnancy and delivery.
Area of Science:
- Obstetrics and Gynecology
- Infectious Diseases
- Maternal-Fetal Medicine
Background:
- Rising incidence and prevalence of HIV infection in women of childbearing age globally and in Canada.
- Complex care requirements for HIV-infected pregnant women, encompassing maternal health, fetal well-being, and prevention of vertical transmission.
- Understanding of vertical HIV transmission, occurring in utero, intrapartum, or postpartum, with a majority of cases near term or during labor and delivery.
Purpose of the Study:
- To highlight the critical need for comprehensive management of HIV-infected pregnant women.
- To emphasize the importance of minimizing maternal-infant HIV transmission.
- To underscore the necessity for healthcare professionals to understand HIV in pregnancy for improved maternal and infant outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Review of current evidence on maternal-infant HIV transmission.
- Analysis of factors influencing transmission rates.
- Evaluation of the role of zidovudine therapy and combination antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy.
Main Results:
- Maternal and obstetrical factors significantly influence HIV transmission rates.
- Zidovudine therapy has proven effective in reducing maternal-infant HIV transmission.
- Further research is needed on the safety and optimal use of antiretrovirals during pregnancy.
Conclusions:
- Optimal medical and obstetrical care can substantially reduce vertical HIV transmission.
- Multidisciplinary collaboration and patient involvement are crucial for improving outcomes.
- Continued research on antiretroviral therapy in pregnancy is essential.
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