Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Physical Properties of Amines01:26

Physical Properties of Amines

Amines with low molecular weight are usually gaseous at room temperature, while those with high molecular weight are liquid or solids in nature. Usually, low molecular weight amines have a rotten fish-like smell. Diamines typically have a pungent smell. For instance, cadaverine and putrescine, depicted in Figure 1, are two molecules responsible for decaying tissue.
Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview01:07

Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview

In the presence of an aqueous base and a halogen, primary amides can lose the carbonyl (as carbon dioxide) and undergo rearrangement to form primary amines. This reaction, called the Hofmann rearrangement, can produce primary amines (aryl and alkyl) in high yields without contamination by secondary and tertiary amines.
Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines01:10

Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines

The simplest aromatic amine is phenylamine, which contains an –NH2 functionality directly attached to an aromatic ring. The name aniline is designated for this skeleton. As shown in Figure 1, the common names of the functionalized anilines involve prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- to indicate the substitution position. Different functionalized aniline derivatives also have notable trivial names.
Nomenclature of Primary Amines01:17

Nomenclature of Primary Amines

Primary, secondary, and tertiary amines are compounds consisting of one, two, and three alkyl groups connected to the amino group (–NH2), respectively. As depicted in Figure 1, the common name of the primary amines is obtained by adding the suffix -amine to the alkyl substituent attached to the amino group as the corresponding alkylamine.
Cholinergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:29

Cholinergic Antagonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

Cholinergic antagonists bind to cholinergic receptors and limit the effects of acetylcholine and other cholinergic agonists. Based on the specific cholinergic receptor affinity, these antagonists are classified as muscarinic or nicotinic. Anticholinergics interrupt parasympathetic innervations while sympathetic innervations remain uninterrupted. Muscarinic antagonists are also called 'muscarinic antagonists', 'antimuscarinics', or 'parasympatholytics'. Nicotinic antagonists are called...
Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:29

Indirect-Acting Cholinergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

Indirect-acting cholinergic agonists are agents that interact with the acetylcholinesterase enzyme in the synaptic cleft, preventing the breakdown of acetylcholine into choline and acetate. Consequently, the concentration of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft increases. These agonists can be classified into reversible and irreversible inhibitors based on their duration of action.
Reversible inhibitors display short to medium durations of action. Short-acting agents include simple alcohols with...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Supramolecular Spin Chains via Radical-Radical Contacts Stabilizing Ferromagnetic Interactions Between Heisenberg or Ising-Like Spins.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2024
Same author

Concomitant dimorphism in poly[di-μ-azido-(5,5'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine)iron(II)].

Acta crystallographica. Section C, Structural chemistry·2022
Same author

A rare example of a double metamagnetic transition leading to 2D and 3D long-range order in the two-dimensional pyrazine- and azido-bridged cobalt(II) compound [Co(pyz)(N<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub>].

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)·2022
Same author

An Efficient Conjugation Approach for Coupling Drugs to Native Antibodies via the Pt<sup>II</sup> Linker Lx for Improved Manufacturability of Antibody-Drug Conjugates.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2020
Same author

Fifty years of inorganic biochemistry: Developments, trends, highlights, impact and citations.

Journal of inorganic biochemistry·2020
Same author

A Structural Model for [Fe]-Only Hydrogenases.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Microwave-Assisted Preparation of 1-Aryl-1H-pyrazole-5-amines
05:07

Microwave-Assisted Preparation of 1-Aryl-1H-pyrazole-5-amines

Published on: June 23, 2019

2-Chloro-pyrimidin-4-amine.

Gerard A van Albada, Mohamed Ghazzali, Khalid Al-Farhan

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |February 21, 2012
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study details the crystal structure of a pyrimidine derivative, C(4)H(4)ClN(3). Researchers observed near-planar geometry and analyzed intermolecular hydrogen bonding that forms a 2D network.

    More Related Videos

    Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones
    06:06

    Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones

    Published on: February 5, 2018

    Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine
    08:31

    Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine

    Published on: October 11, 2019

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: May 24, 2026

    Microwave-Assisted Preparation of 1-Aryl-1H-pyrazole-5-amines
    05:07

    Microwave-Assisted Preparation of 1-Aryl-1H-pyrazole-5-amines

    Published on: June 23, 2019

    Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones
    06:06

    Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones

    Published on: February 5, 2018

    Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine
    08:31

    Optimized Griess Reaction for UV-Vis and Naked-eye Determination of Anti-malarial Primaquine

    Published on: October 11, 2019

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Pyrimidine derivatives are important in medicinal chemistry.
    • Understanding molecular structure and intermolecular interactions is key to designing new materials.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of the pyrimidine derivative C(4)H(4)ClN(3).
    • To investigate the intermolecular interactions and network formation in the solid state.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was used to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
    • Analysis of atomic deviations from the pyrimidine ring plane.
    • Identification and characterization of hydrogen bonding networks.

    Main Results:

    • The 2-chloro and 4-amino substituents exhibit near-planarity with the pyrimidine ring.
    • Molecules form inversion dimers through N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds.
    • These dimers assemble into an undulating two-dimensional network parallel to the (100) plane.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal packing is dominated by N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds.
    • The observed 2D network structure provides insights into the supramolecular assembly of this pyrimidine derivative.