Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols02:23

Structure and Nomenclature of Alcohols and Phenols

Overview
Alcohols are one of the most important functional groups in organic chemistry. The name of alcohol comes from the hydrocarbon from which it is derived. Alcohols are organic molecules containing the functional hydroxyl or –OH group directly bonded to carbon. Phenols have an OH group directly attached to a benzene ring. While alcohols are colorless, phenol is a white crystalline compound with a characteristic "hospital smell" odor.
As with other organic compounds, alcohols and phenols...
Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners01:20

Opioid Analgesics: Morphine and Other Natural Cogeners

Opioids are a class of drugs that mimic endogenous opioid peptides and act on opioid receptors, and help in pain relief. These compounds are classified as natural, synthetic, or semi-synthetic. Natural opioids, like morphine, codeine, and thebaine, are derived from the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum or Papaver album) and are termed opiates. Synthetic opioids are artificial, while semi-synthetic opioids combine natural and synthetic compounds. Morphine, a prototypical opioid, possesses a...
Adrenergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship01:16

Adrenergic Agonists: Chemistry and Structure-Activity Relationship

Adrenergic agonists' structure-activity relationship (SAR) determines their selectivity and efficacy. These agonists comprise a phenylethylamine moiety with an aromatic ring and an ethylamine side chain.
Aromatic ring substitutions: Substituting the aromatic ring with –OH groups at positions 3 and 4 yields catecholamines (e.g., epinephrine), which have a high affinity for adrenoceptors. Hydrogen bonding between –OH groups and receptors enhances adrenergic activity.
Separation of the aromatic...
Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols02:36

Acidity and Basicity of Alcohols and Phenols

Like water, alcohols are weak acids and bases. This is attributed to the polarization of the O–H bond making the hydrogen partially positive. Moreover, the electron pairs on the oxygen atom of alcohol make it both basic and nucleophilic. Protonation of an alcohol converts hydroxide, a poor leaving group, into water—a good one. The two acid–base equilibria corresponding to ethanol are depicted below.
Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane01:33

Carboxylic Acids to Methylesters: Alkylation using Diazomethane

Carboxylic acids react with diazomethane in an ether solvent via alkylation at the carboxylate oxygen atom to give methyl esters of the corresponding acid with excellent yields.
Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions01:17

Phase II Reactions: Methylation Reactions

Methylation is a phase II biotransformation process involving the attachment of a methyl group to a substrate. Enzymes known as methyltransferases orchestrate this reaction.
The mechanism of methylation unfolds in two stages. The first stage sees a methyltransferase enzyme facilitating the transfer of a methyl group from S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) to the substrate, forming S-adenosylhomocysteine (SAH). The second stage involves further metabolism of SAH into homocysteine, which can be recycled...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Critical behavior of the order parameter at the nonequilibrium phase transition of the Ising model.

Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal·2018
Same author

MicroRNA-18a promotes hepatocellular carcinoma proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting Bcl2L10.

OncoTargets and therapy·2018
Same author

Anatomical variation of infra-pyloric artery origination: A prospective multicenter observational study (IPA-Origin).

Chinese journal of cancer research = Chung-kuo yen cheng yen chiu·2018
Same author

Progression in Vascular Cognitive Impairment: Pathogenesis, Neuroimaging Evaluation, and Treatment.

Cell transplantation·2018
Same author

Risk factors analysis for hyperuricemic nephropathy among CKD stages 3-4 patients: an epidemiological study of hyperuricemia in CKD stages 3-4 patients in Ningbo, China.

Renal failure·2018
Same author

Asymptotic analysis of V-BLAST MIMO for coherent optical wireless communications in Gamma-Gamma turbulence.

Optics express·2018

Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones
06:06

Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones

Published on: February 5, 2018

(Morpholin-4-yl)[2-(morpholin-4-yl)-3,5-dinitro-phen-yl]methanone.

Chao Gao1, Ying Xiong, Yong Xia

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|February 21, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the molecular structure of C(15)H(18)N(4)O(7), revealing specific conformations of its morpholine and benzene rings. The research provides precise dihedral angles, offering insights into the compound's three-dimensional arrangement.

More Related Videos

Efficient Construction of Drug-like Bispirocyclic Scaffolds Via Organocatalytic Cycloadditions of α-Imino γ-Lactones and Alkylidene Pyrazolones
10:17

Efficient Construction of Drug-like Bispirocyclic Scaffolds Via Organocatalytic Cycloadditions of α-Imino γ-Lactones and Alkylidene Pyrazolones

Published on: February 7, 2019

Preparation of N-(2-alkoxyvinyl)sulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines
10:42

Preparation of N-(2-alkoxyvinyl)sulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Published on: January 3, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones
06:06

Color Spot Test As a Presumptive Tool for the Rapid Detection of Synthetic Cathinones

Published on: February 5, 2018

Efficient Construction of Drug-like Bispirocyclic Scaffolds Via Organocatalytic Cycloadditions of α-Imino γ-Lactones and Alkylidene Pyrazolones
10:17

Efficient Construction of Drug-like Bispirocyclic Scaffolds Via Organocatalytic Cycloadditions of α-Imino γ-Lactones and Alkylidene Pyrazolones

Published on: February 7, 2019

Preparation of N-(2-alkoxyvinyl)sulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines
10:42

Preparation of N-(2-alkoxyvinyl)sulfonamides from N-tosyl-1,2,3-triazoles and Subsequent Conversion to Substituted Phthalans and Phenethylamines

Published on: January 3, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Organic Chemistry
  • Molecular Structure Analysis

Background:

  • Understanding the three-dimensional structure of organic compounds is crucial for predicting their properties and reactivity.
  • Morpholine and benzene rings are common structural motifs in pharmaceuticals and materials science.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the precise molecular geometry of the title compound, C(15)H(18)N(4)O(7).
  • To determine the conformational preferences of the morpholine and benzene rings within this specific molecule.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the atomic coordinates and bond parameters.
  • Analysis of the crystal structure data allowed for the calculation of dihedral angles between key ring systems.

Main Results:

  • The morpholine rings within C(15)H(18)N(4)O(7) were observed to adopt stable chair conformations.
  • The benzene ring exhibited specific dihedral angles of 55.94(7)° and 63.19(7)° relative to the planes of the morpholine rings.

Conclusions:

  • The determined chair conformations of the morpholine rings and the specific dihedral angles provide a detailed understanding of the title compound's spatial arrangement.
  • This structural information is fundamental for further investigations into the compound's chemical behavior and potential applications.