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Relationship between Younger Age, Autoimmunity, Cardiometabolic Risk, Oxidative Stress, HAART, and Ischemic Stroke in

Benjamin Longo-Mbenza1, Murielle Longokolo Mashi, Michel Lelo Tshikwela

  • 1Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, South Africa.

ISRN Cardiology
|February 21, 2012
PubMed

Insights

HIV/AIDS patients in Central Africa face a high stroke risk, particularly younger individuals with metabolic syndrome and autoimmunity. Accelerated atherosclerosis due to combined factors necessitates targeted prevention programs.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • HIV/AIDS and antiretroviral therapy (HAART) are linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk, including stroke.
  • Understanding stroke prevalence and risk factors in specific populations like Central African HIV/AIDS patients is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate stroke prevalence, risk factors, and cardiometabolic comorbidities in Central African patients with HIV/AIDS.
  • To identify specific associations between patient characteristics and stroke subtypes.

Main Methods:

  • A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted.
  • Clinical, laboratory, and imaging data were collected from heterosexual, non-intravenous drug-using HIV/AIDS patients in Central Africa.
  • Patients were assessed for hypercoagulability, oxidative stress, and metabolic syndrome using IDF criteria.

Main Results:

  • 15% of the study population (18 patients) experienced stroke, predominantly ischemic (17 patients).
  • Younger age (<45 years), autoimmunity, and metabolic syndrome were significantly associated with ischemic stroke.
  • The study population exhibited hypercoagulability and oxidative stress.

Conclusions:

  • A clustering of cardiometabolic factors, autoimmunity, oxidative stress, and lifestyle changes likely contributes to accelerated atherosclerosis and elevated stroke risk in young, Black Africans with HIV/AIDS.
  • These findings highlight the urgent need for targeted prevention and intervention programs for this vulnerable population.

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