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Related Concept Videos

Determination of Crystal Structures01:29

Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 24, 2026

Microfluidic Chips for In Situ Crystal X-ray Diffraction and In Situ Dynamic Light Scattering for Serial Crystallography
11:48

Microfluidic Chips for In Situ Crystal X-ray Diffraction and In Situ Dynamic Light Scattering for Serial Crystallography

Published on: April 24, 2018

Crystallography on a chip.

Arash Zarrine-Afsar1, Thomas R M Barends, Christina Müller

  • 1Max Planck Research Group for Structural Dynamics, Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Department of Physics, University of Hamburg, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.

Acta Crystallographica. Section D, Biological Crystallography
|February 22, 2012
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel chip-based method enables rapid, room-temperature X-ray data collection from many crystals. This technique supports

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Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip
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Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip

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On-Chip Crystallization and Large-Scale Serial Diffraction at Room Temperature
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On-Chip Crystallization and Large-Scale Serial Diffraction at Room Temperature

Published on: March 11, 2022

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Last Updated: May 24, 2026

Microfluidic Chips for In Situ Crystal X-ray Diffraction and In Situ Dynamic Light Scattering for Serial Crystallography
11:48

Microfluidic Chips for In Situ Crystal X-ray Diffraction and In Situ Dynamic Light Scattering for Serial Crystallography

Published on: April 24, 2018

Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip
10:45

Crystallization and Structural Determination of an Enzyme:Substrate Complex by Serial Crystallography in a Versatile Microfluidic Chip

Published on: March 20, 2021

On-Chip Crystallization and Large-Scale Serial Diffraction at Room Temperature
07:42

On-Chip Crystallization and Large-Scale Serial Diffraction at Room Temperature

Published on: March 11, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Materials Science
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Recent advances in X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) provide intense femtosecond X-ray pulses.
  • High-resolution diffraction data from nanocrystals can be obtained before radiation damage occurs.
  • The 'diffraction before destruction' paradigm necessitates rapid sample exchange for continuous data acquisition.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a new chip-based crystal-mounting approach for efficient data collection.
  • To facilitate room-temperature serial crystallography experiments.
  • To enable rapid sample replenishment for XFEL applications.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a chip with surface features promoting crystal self-assembly.
  • Utilizing rough surface features to induce random crystal orientations.
  • Implementing a rapid data collection strategy at room temperature.

Main Results:

  • The chip facilitates the formation of ordered crystal arrays.
  • Random crystal orientations allow for comprehensive sampling of reciprocal space.
  • The method enables efficient data collection from numerous crystals.

Conclusions:

  • The chip-based approach is effective for rapid, room-temperature data collection.
  • This technique is well-suited for serial crystallography using XFELs.
  • The method enhances the efficiency of nanocrystal analysis through diffraction before destruction.